北京延庆西屯墓地北魏家族墓发掘简报

Excavation of Xitun Family Cemetery of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Yanqing,Beijing

西屯墓地位于北京市延庆区延庆镇西屯村西南约200米,东距延庆区政府约2公里,北靠燕山余脉冠帽山,南临水河。为配合基本建设,2008年10月至2009年11月,北京市文物研究所对项目用地范围进行了考古勘探和发掘,发掘面积约3.5万平方米,发现各时期墓葬490座,以欢呼路为界分为西发掘区(I区)和东发掘区(Ⅱ区)(图一)。

The Xitun Cemetery is about 200 meters southwest of Xitun Village in Yanqing Town,Yanqing District of Beijing.It borders Guanmao Mountain,the remnant of Yanshan Mountain,to the north and Guishui River to the south.From October 2008 to November 2009,to cooperate with the capital construction,the Beijing Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics conducted archaeological survey and excavation on the project-scheduled land and discovered 490 tombs of different periods across the area of about 35,000 sq.m.The excavated 28 Northern Wei tombs with similar structures and scales are neatly arranged in two cemeteries in the western excavation area.25 are brick-built single-chamber tombs with tomb passages,1 has two brick-built chambers and a tomb passage,and 2 are trapezoidalshaped brick tombs.Unearthed artifacts include potteries of figurines,animals,vehicles,daily necessities,and bronzes of mirrors,hairpins,bracelets,and stone mortars,etc.The discovered family cemeteries of the early Northern Wei Dynasty are rare in Beijing,providing new materials for studying funeral customs and systems of this time.