云贵高原战国秦汉时期青铜剑鞘的考察

Investigation of Bronze Sword Scabbards from the Warring States,Qin and Han Dynasties on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

在云贵高原出土的“西南夷”青铜文化遗存中,不仅可见数量惊人且类型多样的铜剑和铜柄铁剑,而且经常发现与之配套使用的剑具,其中就包括各种剑鞘及剑鞘部件。这些剑鞘及剑鞘部件多为青铜和金银质地,竹木、皮革、织物等有机材料虽偶有发现,但因腐蚀严重,保存下来的很少。金银质地者以鞘面上的片饰居多,主要出自云南晋宁石寨山和江川李家山的少数大墓中,使用者当为滇王或滇人上层贵族。

Among the remains belonging to the bronze culture of Southwestern Yi on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,it is expected to see many kinds of bronze scabbards and scabbard parts supporting the use of bronze swords or iron swords with bronze handles.Most were unearthed from burials,including scabbard tubes,surfaces,mouths,and ends.People of the southwestern Yi on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau began to apply bronze casting to produce sword scabbards approximately from the late Warring States period.Afterward,the technique developed and became extremely popular in the middle and late Western Han and rapidly declined during the Eastern Han.Among many ethnic groups of the southwestern Yi,the Dian people were the main producers and users of bronze scabbards and scabbard parts.These casted items are mostly with exquisite looks and decorative and protective functions.They were mainly from larger-scale burials,particularly common in the Dian Culture in the Dianchi area,which can be deferred that they were primarily owned by royal families or other upper-class people.