玻璃幕墙对北方农村住宅节能改造的可能性探索

Possibility of Retrofitting Glass Curtain Wall to Energy Saving Reconstruction of Self⁃built Houses in Northern Countryside

针对农村自建房能耗较大及冬季用天然气取暖花费较高等特点,以河北石家庄地区农村住宅为例,通过对建筑围护结构改造及对太阳能取暖利用的探究,分析建筑能耗的变化。结果表明,改造建筑的围护结构,可以使建筑能耗有所降低。在建筑南外墙加装玻璃幕墙,提高太阳能取暖效率,可使建筑取暖能耗进一步降低。用正交实验法分析不同因素对建筑能耗的影响程度后发现,在建筑南外墙加装玻璃幕墙后,其余三面外墙加保温层对建筑冷热负荷影响较大;玻璃幕墙上开窗对夏季冷负荷影响最大,加遮阳可有效降低室内夏季冷负荷且对冬季采暖影响较小;玻璃类型对建筑负荷影响较小。由此提出了石家庄地区农村住宅的最优改造方案。

In view of the large energy consumption of rural self⁃built houses and the high cost of natural gas heating in winter,taking rural residential buildings in Shijiazhuang area of Hebei Province as an example,the changes of building energy consumption are analyzed through the transformation of building envelope structure and the exploration of solar heating utilization.The results show that building energy consumption can be reduced by reforming the building envelope.Adding glass curtain wall to the south wall of the building can improve the efficiency of solar heating,which can further reduce the energy consumption of building heating.After analyzing the influence degree of different factors on building energy consumption by orthogonal experiment method,it is found that after adding glass curtain wall to the south wall of the building,adding insulation layer to the other three sides of the wall has significant influence on the cold and heat load of the building.The window on the glass curtain wall has the greatest influence on the cooling load in summer.Shading can effectively reduce the indoor cooling load in summer,and has little influence on the heating in winter.The glass type has little influence on the building load,proposing the optimal reconstruction scheme of rural housing in Shijiazhuang area.