前蜀宫廷队舞《折红莲》考论

On the Court Group Dance Zhe Honglian in Qian Shu Dynasty

前蜀宫廷队舞《折红莲》在继承前代采莲舞的同时亦有新变,道具装饰华丽精巧、舞台构思新颖独妙、场面气势盛大恢弘、技术设备先进高超、致词长歌等程式设计,为宋代队舞《采莲舞》的定型作出了有益的尝试。前蜀后主王衍喜舟戏、崇道教,尤好宏大奢华的聚会及演出,故创制了带有道教情韵的大型队舞《折红莲》,此舞或代表了前蜀乐舞的最高成就。《折红莲》在后蜀宫廷曾多次演出,经雅化后,与《回鹘》队舞等一起,随入宋的官员及乐工传至北宋宫廷,推动了宋代宫廷乐舞的发展。

Zhe Honglian(Picking Red Lotus) is a court group dance of Qian Shu Dynasty. It has not only inherited the tradition of Cai Lian Wu(Picking Lotus Dance) from the previous patterns,but also made many innovations such as exquisite props and decorations, unique stage design, grand stage effect, advanced technical equipment, as well as the addition of addresses and long verses in performance program. It has also provided a beneficial attempt for the finalization of Cai Lian Wu in Song Dynasty. Wang Yan, the last emperor of Qian Shu Dynasty, who had a preference for boat operas and worshiped Daoism, especially enjoyed grand and lavish gatherings and performances.Consequently, he created Zhe Honglian, a large-scale group dance infused with Daoist culture. This dance may represent the pinnacle of musical and terpsichorean achievements in Qian Shu Dynasty.It was performed many times in the court of Hou Shu Dynasty, then after refinement, got introduced to Northern Song Dynasty together with the group dance Huihu by the officials and musicians. This transmission promoted the development of court musical dance of Song Dynasty.