含吡啶类腈类医药中间体废盐对海洋青鳉鱼胚胎的毒性效应

Toxic effects of waste salts derived from pyridine and nitrile-containing pharmaceutical intermediates on marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma)embryos

工业废盐是化工生产过程中产生的副产结晶盐。农药、医药等精细化工行业的生产中往往伴随着大量废盐的产生,《国家危险废物名录》中明确将多种化学制药、农药生产过程中产生的废盐列为危险废物。然而,由于处理成本高昂和处置能力不足,废盐限制了企业的健康发展。在《危险废物环境管理指南化工废盐》中明确了工业废盐无害化排海的相关要求,但目前仍缺少相关领域的实验研究。海洋青鳉鱼(Oryzias melastigma)具有与斑马鱼类似的研究特征优势,是国际生命科学学会(ILSI)与健康和环境科学研究所(HESI)认定的海洋生态毒理学的重要研究工具。研究了含吡啶类腈类医药中间体废盐和经过实验室处理后的除杂盐对海洋青鳉鱼胚胎的急性毒性、发育毒性以及对抗氧化系统、免疫系统的影响。结果表明,废盐暴露对海洋青鳉鱼胚胎的生存和发育有显著影响并造成系统性损伤,而除杂盐对海洋青鳉鱼胚胎没有较大影响。本研究为废盐排海提供了基础的理论支持,也为后续实验开展提供了良好的思路引导。

Industrial waste salt refers to the crystalline salt by-product produced during chemical production process.The manufacturing of fine chemicals,such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals,often generates a substantial amount of waste salt.The“National Hazardous Waste List”explicitly categorizes waste salt produced during the production of various chemical pharmaceuticals and pesticides as hazardous waste.However,high treatment expenses and limited disposal capacity hinder the healthy development of industries.The“Hazardous Waste Environmental Management Guide-Chemical Waste Salt”delineates the requirements for non-hazardous disposal of industrial waste salts,yet experimental research in this field is currently scarce.Marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma)exhibits similar research advantages to zebrafish and is acknowledged by the International Life Sciences Institute(ILSI)and the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute(HESI)as a valuable tool for marine ecotoxicology studies.This study assessed the acute and developmental toxicity,antioxidant and immune system effects of waste salts containing pyridine and nitrile pharmaceutical intermediates,as well as laboratory-treated impurity salt on marine medaka embryos.The results demonstrated that exposure to waste salt significantly affected the survival and development of marine medaka embryos and caused considerable system damage,while the treated impurity salt exhibited little effect.This study provides theoretical support for the non-hazardous disposal of waste salts and also provides guidance for future experimental design.