浆膜腔积液标本中检出鳞状细胞癌38例的临床及病理特征分析

An analysis of clinical and pathological features of 38cases with squamous cell carcinoma detected in serosal effusion samples

目的分析浆膜腔积液标本中检出鳞状细胞癌38例的临床及病理特征。方法收集浆膜腔积液标本中检出鳞状细胞癌38例患者的临床资料,浆膜腔积液标本行免疫组织化学(免疫组化)EnVision染色,分析其临床及病理特征,并复习相关文献。结果鳞状细胞癌原发病灶来源多样化,最常见于肺部。血清肿瘤标志物水平升高有辅助诊断价值。细胞液基涂片及细胞蜡块切片中,异型角化鳞状细胞、旋涡状细胞团是鳞状细胞癌的诊断标志。免疫组化标志物p63、细胞角蛋白5/6、p40等有助于诊断及鉴别诊断。结论结合临床病史、细胞形态学特征及免疫组化染色是提高浆膜腔积液标本中鳞状细胞癌检出率的关键。

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological features of 38cases with squamous cell carcinoma detected in serosal effusion samples.Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with squamous cell carcinoma detected in serosal effusion specimens were collected.The serosal effusion specimens were examined with immunohistochemical EnVision staining,clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed,and relevant literatures were reviewed.Results The primary lesions of squamous cell carcinoma were diverse,and most commonly occurred in the lungs.The elevated levels of serum tumor markers were helpful in diagnosis.In cell liquid-based smears and cell wax sections,heterokeratinized squamous cell and spiral cell clusters were the diagnostic markers of squamous cell carcinoma.Immunohistochemical markers including p63,cytokeratin 5/6and p40 were helpful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Conclusion Immunohistochemical staining combined with clinical history and cytomorphological features are the keys to improve the detection rate of squamous cell carcinoma in serosal effusion samples.