生物质炭对农田土壤腐殖质的影响——Meta分析

Effects of Biochar on Soil Humus in Farmland:A Meta Analysis

为量化生物质炭对土壤腐殖质含量的影响程度,以不添加生物质炭土壤为对照,对不同土壤质地、土壤pH及生物质炭裂解温度、施用量、施用时长下生物质炭对土壤腐殖质含量的变化情况进行了Meta分析。结果表明:与对照相比,添加生物质炭显著提高了砂土腐殖质中的胡敏酸和胡敏素含量,平均提高幅度分别为18.6%和92.2%;增加了中性、碱性土壤中的胡敏酸含量,平均增幅分别为12.5%和13.7%;施用裂解温度为500~600℃的生物质炭对于土壤胡敏酸、富里酸和胡敏素含量的提升幅度最大,平均增幅分别为22.6%、14.1%和68.5%;生物质炭添加量为20~40 t/hm2条件下,显著提高了土壤胡敏酸、富里酸和胡敏素含量,平均增幅分别为23.7%、6.9%和84.6%;生物质炭施入土壤3个月内,胡敏酸含量显著升高,平均增幅为29.5%,在3个月到1年内增幅逐渐降低,1年后增幅又逐渐升高;生物质炭施入土壤6个月内,胡敏素含量增幅最高,平均为72.2%;随着生物质炭施用时间延长,土壤胡敏素含量的增幅逐渐降低。综上所述,施用裂解温度为500~600℃的生物质炭,在短期内对中性或碱性条件下的砂土及壤土中的腐殖质含量有较好的提升效果,随着施入时间的延长,该效果会逐渐稳定。

In order to quantify the influence degree of biochar on soil humus content,a meta-analysis of literature was used to integrate the changes of soil texture and pH,biochar pyrolysis temperature,application amount and duration,with soil humus content without adding biochar as a control.The results showed that adding biochar significantly increased humic acid and humin content in sand humus by 18.6%and 92.2%,respectively,compared with not adding biochar.The contents of humic acid in neutral and alkaline soils were increased by 12.5%and 13.7%respectively.The application of biochar with cracking temperature of 500–600℃ increased the contents of humic acid,fulvic acid and humin in soil by 22.6%,14.1% and 68.5%,respectively.Under the biochar application of 20–40 t/hm2,the contents of humic acid,fulvic acid and humin in soil were significantly increased by 23.7%,6.9%and 84.6%,respectively.The content of humic acid increased significantly in 3 months of biochar application,with an average increase of 29.5%.The increase gradually decreased from 3 months to 1 year,and gradually increased after 1 year.The humin content of biochar increased the most at 6 months,with an average of 72.2%.With the extension of biochar application time,the increase of humin content in soil decreased gradually.In summary,the application of biochar with a cracking temperature ranging from 500 to 600℃exhibits significant short-term improvement effects on sandy and loam soils under neutral or alkaline conditions.Moreover,these effects gradually stabilize over time as the application period extends.