浅析唐朝前期对吐蕃实行弹性防御的政治军事原因

Analysis of the Political and Military Reasons for Implementing a Flexible Defense Strategy against Tubo in the Early Tang Dynasty

公元7世纪吐蕃崛起于青藏高原,发展壮大后与唐朝争夺河西走廊,威胁到唐朝的西北国防安全。咸亨元年唐朝与吐蕃交恶,唐朝一开始采用进攻战略,但唐军在大非川与青海之战失败之后,面对西北国防线上步步紧逼的吐蕃政权,随后采取了弹性防御的战略。咸亨元年到天宝十三年唐朝对吐蕃采取弹性防御战略的政治军事原因是多样的,唐高宗时期吐蕃崛起,对吐蕃的军事外交失败使得唐朝对吐蕃采取弹性防御战略;武则天时代的政治内乱影响着唐朝在陇右道实施弹性防御战略;均田制瓦解带来的兵制改革为唐玄宗时期实行弹性防御战略提供战力支撑,同时唐玄宗时期国力达到顶峰为实现兵制改革提供强大的物质基础。

In the 7th century AD,Tubo emerged on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and competed with the Tang Dynasty for the Hexi Corridor,posing a threat to the national defense security of the northwest of the Tang Dynasty;In the first year of the Xianheng reign,the Tang Dynasty had a hostile relationship with Tubo.Initially,the Tang Dynasty adopted an offensive strategy,but after the defeat of the Battle of Dafeichuan and Qinghai,the Tang army faced the gradually pressing Tibetan regime on the northwest defense line and subsequently adopted a flexible defense strategy.From the first year of the Xianheng reign to the thirteenth year of the Tianbao reign,the Tang Dynasty adopted a flexible defense strategy against Tubo for various political and military reasons.During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty,Tubo emerged,The military diplomacy failure of the Tang Dynasty towards Tubo led the Tang government to adopt a flexible defense strategy against Tubo;The political turmoil dur-ing the Wu Zetian era influenced the Tang Dynasty's implementation of a flexible defense strategy on Longyou Road;The military reform brought about by the collapse of the equal field system provided military support for the implementation of the flexible defense strategy during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang.At the same time,the peak of national strength during the development of the Tang Dynasty provided a strong material foundation for the implementation of military reform.