北宋仁宗时期蔡襄的书名与书法活动考述

A Study of Cai Xiang’s Reputation and Activities of Calligraphy During the Renzong of theNorthern Song Dynasty

蔡襄是北宋仁宗时期著名的书家,他书名的传播与当时一系列政治活动密切相关.蔡襄的«四贤一不肖诗»成书于景祐三年范吕党争时期,因此蔡襄书名大范围传播.随后蔡襄履职西京,在张士逊、范雍和宋绶的提携下,其书法影响力进一步提升.皇祐年间,蔡襄书法得到仁宗赏识,多次奉诏作书,被赐字“君谟”,书名享誉朝野.韩琦称赞蔡襄得钟王风神,欧阳修称他的书法“独步当世”,苏轼提出蔡襄书法为“本朝第一”.欧、苏2人对蔡襄的推崇直接影响宋代文人对蔡襄书名的品评,蔡襄“本朝第一”的书名由此确立.

Cai Xiang was a famous calligrapher in the Renzong period of the Northern Song Dynasty,and the spread of his calligraphic reputation was closely related to a series of political activities at that time.Cai Xiang’s The Poem of Four Sages and One Immortal individual was written by himself during the party struggle between Fan and Lui in the third year of Jingyou,and this work spread Cai Xiang’s fame widely.Subsequently,Cai Xiang took office in Xijing,and with the guidance of his chief officials Zhang Shixun,Fan Yong,and Song Shou,his calligraphy influence further improved.During the reign of HuangYou,Cai Xiang’s calligraphy was appreciated by Enperor Renzong.He was repeatedly ordered to calligraph and given the name“Junmo”by Enperor Renzong,earning a reputation among the imperial court and the public.Han Qi praised Cai Xiang’s calligraphy for its romantic charm of Zhong You and Wang Xizhi;while Ouyang Xiu called his calligraphy“unparalleled in the world”;Su Shi then proposed Cai Xiang as“The first calligrapher of dynasty”.The admiration of Cai Xiang by the Ou and Su directly influenced the evaluation of Cai Xiang’s calligraphic fame by literati in the Song Dynasty,and thus established Cai Xiang’s reputation of calligraphy as“the first calligrapher of the Dynasty”.