三级谵妄护理管理流程在NICU急性脑卒中患者中的应用

Effect of a three-tier delirium nursing management process on NICU patients with acute stroke

目的 探讨三级谵妄护理管理流程在神经内科重症监护室(neurology intensive care unit,NICU)急性脑卒中患者中的应用效果。方法 选择2021年5月至9月本院NICU收治的50例急性脑卒中患者作为研究对象并设为对照组,采取NICU预防谵妄的常规护理措施;选择2021年12月至2022年4月收治NICU的50例急性脑卒中患者作为研究对象并设为试验组,试验组患者在对照组基础上实施三级谵妄护理管理流程,比较两组患者ICU谵妄(delirium in the intensive care unit,DICU)发生率、DICU持续时间、NICU住院时间、谵妄相关不良事件发生率;比较干预前后两组患者的谵妄水平和认知功能改善情况。结果 试验组患者DICU发生率较对照组低,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组患者DICU持续时间、NICU住院时间较对照组短,谵妄相关不良事件发生率较对照组低;干预后试验组患者重症监护谵妄筛查量表(intensive care delirium screening checklist,ICDSC)评分低于对照组;试验组患者认知功能评分干预前后差值高于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 在NICU急性脑卒中患者中实施三级谵妄护理管理流程可减少患者谵妄的发生,改善患者认知功能,缩短NICU住院时间,降低护理安全风险。

Objective To investigate the effect of a three-tier delirium care management process in patients with acute stroke in neurology intensive care unit(NICU).Methods A total of 50 patients with acute stroke admitted to the NICU of the Fourth Hospital of Changsha from May to September 2021 were assigned to the control group.The patients in the control group received routine NICU nursing care to prevent delirium.Another 50 patients with acute stroke admitted to the NICU from December 2021 to April 2022 were assigned to the trial group.They were managed with the three-tier delirium nursing management process on top of the routine NICU nursing care for the control group.The incidence of ICU delirium(DICU),duration of DICU,length of stay in NICU and the incidence of delirium-related adverse events were compared between the two groups.The degree of delirium and cognitive function before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups as well.Results The trial group had significantly shorter duration of DICU and NICU stay(both P<0.05)and lower incidence rate of delirium-related adverse events(P<0.05)compared to the control group.After the intervention,the trial group showed significantly lower scores on the intensive care delirium screening checklist(ICDSC)and significantly higher scores of cognitive function compared to those of the control group(both P<0.05).Conclusion The three-tier delirium nursing management process can lower the occurrence of delirium in NICU patients with acute stroke,shorten the NICU stay,reduce the safety risk in nursing,and improve the cognitive function.