农村中小学生居家体育锻炼行为与促进研究

Study on the Behavior and Promotion of Home Physical Exercise of Rural Primary and Middle School Students

目的:了解农村中小学生居家体育锻炼行为现况,为促进农村青少年居家体育锻炼效果与养成良好运动卫生习惯提供参考。方法:采用方便抽样的方法,选取江苏省农村中小学生1448名,利用问卷星进行居家体育锻炼行为现况问卷调查。结果:体育锻炼现状上,有30.11%的老师布置家庭体育作业、28.76%的学生认真完成家庭体育作业、96.98%的屏幕时间≥2h、15.86%的每周体育锻炼≥3次、9.21%的每次锻炼时间≥60min、41.67%的运动强度达中等以上,不同学段学生居家体育锻炼情况差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);体育锻炼程序与卫生上,有36.83%的运动前热身、14.38%的运动中监测心率、40.73%的运动后放松、85.08%的饭后不立即运动、82.66%的运动中注意补水、71.24%的运动后不立即坐卧休息、77.02%的注意运动后保暖;体育锻炼动机上,有65.93%的为了增强体质、39.05%的喜欢运动、38.64%的瘦身塑形、45.23%的缓解压力、49.53%的增强抵抗力、20.09%的学校要求、11.09%的家长要求,不同学段学生居家体育锻炼动机差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论:农村中小学生居家体育锻炼行为与卫生状况堪忧,需特别关注对其进行体育锻炼兴趣培养与健康教育工作,促进学生养成科学居家体育锻炼的卫生习惯。

Objective:Understand the current situation of home physical exercise behavior of rural primary and secondary school students,and provide reference for promoting the effect of home physical exercise and developing good sports hygiene habits of rural adolescents.Methods:Using the method of convenient sampling,1448 primary and secondary school students in rural Areas of Jiangsu Province were selected,and the questionnaire star was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the current situation of physical exercise behavior at home.Results:In terms of physical exercise status,30.11%of the teachers assign physical education homework,28.76%of the careful(completion of physical exercise,96.98%of the screen time≥2 hours,15.86%of the weekly physical exercise≥3 times,9.21%of each exercise time≥60 minutes,41.67%of the exercise intensity of more than medium,the difference in the home physical exercise of students in different school sections is statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of physical exercise procedures and hygiene,36.83%of the warm-up before exercise,14.38%of the heart rate monitored during exercise,40.73%of post-exercise relaxation,85.08%of the immediate exercise after meals,82.66%of the exercise attention to hydration,71.24%of the exercise did not sit immediately after resting,77.02%paid attention to post-exercise warmth;physical exercise motivation,65.93%in order to enhance physical fitness,39.05%like sports,38.64%of slimming,45.23%of the stress relief,49.53%of the enhancement of resistance,20.09%of the school requirements,11.09%of the parents'requirements,the difference in the motivation of students at home physical exercise in different school sections were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The home physical exercise behavior and health status of rural primary and secondary school students are worrying,and special attention needs to be paid to the cultivation of physical exercise interest and health education,and promote students to develop the health habit of scientific home physical exercise.