辽西地区新石器时代文化空间分布特征及其演进预测研究

Study on the cultural and spatial distribution characteristics and evolution prediction of Neolithic culture sites in Liaoxi Region

以辽西地区新石器时期的小河西文化、兴隆洼文化、赵宝沟文化、红山文化和小河沿文化遗址为研究对象,使用ArcGIS软件对各文化时期遗址数据进行提取,借助Logistic回归分析方法构建辽西地区新石器时期遗址的分布预测模型,得出遗址分布与海拔高程等自然地理要素之间的关系,生成辽西地区新石器时期遗址分布概率图。研究结果表明,辽西地区新石器时期聚落选址与自然地理要素关系密切,河流对遗址分布影响较大,海拔高程、坡度影响其次,坡向影响最弱。遗址预测模型显示较高概率分布区集中分布于距离河流较近的河谷、丘陵地带和地势较高的台地。预测模型可为探讨辽西地区史前人地关系演变提供重要参考,为考古发掘工作提供科学判断与决策支持,提高考古工作效率。

Taking the Neolithic Xiaohexi Culture, Xinglongwa Culture, Zhaobaogou Culture, Hongshan Culture and Xiaoheyan Culture sites in Liaoxi Region as the research objects, we constructed a GIS-based prediction model for the archaeological sites in Liaoxi Region. In this paper, ArcGIS software are used to extract the data of sites of each cultural period, and with the help of logistic regression analysis, the distribution prediction model of Neolithic sites in Liaoxi Region is established. The quantitative relationship between the distribution of sites and the natural geographical elements , and the probability map of the distribution of Neolithic sites in Liaoxi Region is generated.The results show that river has a greater influence on site distribution, followed by elevation and slope, and slope direction has the weakest influence on site selection of Neolithic settlements in Liaoxi Region. The predictive model of the site shows that the higher probability distribution area is concentrated in the river valley, hilly area and terrace with higher terrain near the river, and the high probability area is characterized by the distribution near the water system. The prediction model study can provide an important reference for exploring the evolution of prehistoric human-land relations in Liaoxi Region. It can also provide scientific judgment and decision support for archaeological excavation work and improve the efficiency of archaeological work.