猪粪秸秆堆肥替代化肥对春玉米碳代谢关键酶、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Pig Manure Straw Compost Instead of Chemical Fertilizer on Key Enzymes of Carbon Metabolism,Yield,and Quality of Spring Maize

在吉林省松原市宁江区大洼镇开展两年的田间试验,明确猪粪秸秆堆肥替代化肥对春玉米碳代谢的调控效应,确定猪粪秸秆堆肥替代化肥比例。采用裂区试验设计,主区设置2个猪粪秸秆堆肥施用量,副区设置堆肥替代化肥比例3个水平,探讨猪粪秸秆堆肥替代化肥对春玉米碳代谢、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,随着堆肥替代化肥比例增加,玉米碳代谢水平逐渐增强,玉米的产量及品质逐步提升,堆肥20000 kg/hm^(2)替代20%化肥(C2F2)处理表现最佳,相较不能堆肥、常规施肥(F0)处理条件下春玉米PEP羧化酶活性、RUBP羧化酶活性分别提高了29.69%、19.03%。产量提高了18.6%,淀粉、粗蛋白、脂肪含量分别提高了6.73%、12.90%、14.24%。综上所述,施用猪粪秸秆堆肥20000 kg/hm^(2)替代20%化肥可以显著提高春玉米碳代谢关键酶活性、产量及品质。

To clarify the regulatory effect of pig manure straw compost replacing chemical fertilizer on carbon metabolism of spring maize,and determine the proportion of pig manure straw compost replacing chemical fertilizer.Conduct field experiments in Songyuan City,Jilin Province.Using a split zone experimental design,two levels of pig manure straw compost application were set in the main area,and three levels of compost substitution for chemical fer⁃tilizer were set in the sub area to explore the effects of pig manure straw compost substitution for chemical fertilizer on carbon metabolism,yield,and quality of spring maize.The results showed that as the proportion of compost replacing chemical fertilizers increased,the carbon metabolism level of corn gradually increased,and the yield and quality of corn gradually improved.The C2F2 treatment performed the best,and compared with the F0 treatment,the PEP car⁃boxylase activity and RUBP carboxylase activity of spring corn increased by 29.69%and 19.03%,respectively.The production increased by 18.6%.The content of starch,crude protein,and fat increased by 6.73%,12.90%,and 14.24%,respectively.In summary,applying 20000 kg/ha of pig manure straw compost instead of 20%chemical fer⁃tilizer can significantly improve the activity of key enzymes in carbon metabolism,yield,and quality of spring maize.