多组学分析揭示三七镰刀菌属致病菌的生物学差异

Multi-Omics Analysis Revealed Biological Differences of Pathogenic Fusarium Species of Panax notoginseng

镰刀菌属病原菌是三七根腐病的主要病原菌。为探究不同种镰刀菌之间产生生物学差异的机制,本研究结合多组学数据,对尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporium)、层出镰刀菌(Fusarium proliferatum)和腐皮镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)的生物学特性进行分析。采用马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养基培养菌株,同时对孢子萌发率、菌丝生长、孢子产量及致病力进行测定,并采用广泛靶向代谢组学和转录组学,对尖孢镰刀菌、层出镰刀菌和腐皮镰刀菌3种镰刀菌9个样本进行转录组高通量测序及代谢物分析,比较镰刀菌属不同种间的差异表达基因(DEGs)和差异代谢物(DAMs),并结合GO和KEGG数据库对DEGs和DAMs进行功能注释和代谢通路分析。结果显示,孢子萌发率表现为:尖孢镰刀菌<层出镰刀菌<腐皮镰刀菌;菌丝生长及孢子产量表现为:尖孢镰刀菌>层出镰刀菌>腐皮镰刀菌;致病力表现为:尖孢镰刀菌>腐皮镰刀菌>层出镰刀菌。DAMs分析结果表明,氨基酸类化合物是主要的差异代谢物,其成分和含量的差异是造成这3种镰刀菌生长差异的主要因素。转录组数据结果显示,不同种镰刀菌中的DEGs功能主要与核糖体和氧化磷酸化相关。本研究结果为三七镰刀菌属根腐病害的防控提供了理论依据。

Fusarium is one of the main pathogens of Panax notoginseng root-rot disease.In order to explore the molecular mechanism of biological differences among different species of Fusarium,the biological characteristics of Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium solani were analyzed by the multi-omics data.In this study,the strains were cultured with potato dextrose agar(PDA)medium,while spore germination,hyphal growth,spore yield and pathogenicity were determined.A wide range of targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics were used to perform high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and metabolite analysis on 9 samples of three Fusarium(F.oxysporium,F.proliferatum and F.solani).The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and diferential accumulated metabolites(DAMs)between Fusarium were compared and functional annotation and metabolic pathway analysis were combined with GO and KEGG databases.The results showed that the spore germination rate of F.solani was the fastest,followed by F.proliferatum,and F.oxysporium was the slowest.F.oxysporium had the fastest mycelium growth and the highest spore yield,followed by F.proliferatum and F.solani.The pathogenicity of F.oxysporium and F.solani to P.notoginseng was significantly higher than F.proliferatum.Analysis of DAMs showed that the amino acids were the major differential metabolites and differences in amino acid composition and content are the main factors causing the different growth of these three Fusarium species.The transcriptome data indicated that the DEGs functions between different Fusarium were mainly correlated with ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of root-rot diseases of Panax notoginseng.