园冶与承德避暑山庄造园的共通性分析

Gardening analysis of connection between Yuanye and Chengde Summer Resort

《园冶》由明末造园家计成所著,承德避暑山庄始建于清康熙四十二年,二者在我国园林史上均占有独特的地位。对《园冶》中兴造论、相地、屋宇、掇山、选石、借景等篇章中相关造园论述,结合避暑山庄的营建,分析了二者在造园思想和技法上的共通性。并对《园冶》的作者计成以及避暑山庄的缔造者康熙和乾隆皇帝,在个人文化素养和造园成就等方面进行比较,阐释鸿篇巨著《园冶》和世界文化遗产承德避暑山庄的产生渊源。

Yuanye was written by landscape architect Ji Cheng in late Ming Dynasty,while Chengde Summer Resort was built in Qing Dynasty.Both of them were outstanding achievement in Chinese gardening history.The gardening ideology and techniques of their connection were analyzed from the text in Yuanye from perspectives of garden creation,site selection,buildings,rockery piling,rock selection and view borrowing etc.,and combined with construction of the Summer Resort.Jicheng,the author of Yuanye,and emperors Kangxi and Qianlong,the founder of Chengde Summer Resort were compared on their cultural quality and gardening achievement,hence to interpret the origin of the outstanding monograph Yuanye and the world cultural heritage Chengde Summer Resort.