南昌市2019年至2022年流行性腮腺炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Epidemic Parotitis in Nanchang City from 2019 to 2022

目的分析2019年至2022年南昌市流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,以期为制定流行性腮腺炎的防控政策提供依据。方法对南昌市2019年至2022年中国疾病预防控制传染病报告信息系统中报告的流行性腮腺炎病例的三间分布数据进行描述流行病学统计分析。结果南昌市在2019年至2022年期间报告本地流行性腮腺炎病例共1180例;2019年至2022年期间年均报告发病率5.16/10万,年均报告发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性发病数量多于女性,男女病例性别比为1.55∶1。流行性腮腺炎每月均有报告病例,发病高峰为3~7月。以15岁以下儿童为主要发病年龄,年龄越大,发病数量下降越显著。学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童为发病率居前三的主要人群,占报告病例总数的90%。结论2019年至2022年南昌市流腮报告发病率显著下降,但学生、幼托及散居儿童发病率仍较高,提示我们要加强传染性疾病的监测工作,提高相关疫苗的接种率,加强重点人群的宣传教育,提高对疾病的认知,发生疫情时做好调查与处置工作,以期有效降低流腮的发病率。

Objectives To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic parotitis in Nanchang City from 2019 to 2022,in order to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control policies for mumps.Methods Descriptive epidemiological statistical analysis was conducted on the three distribution data of epidemic parotitis cases reported in the China Disease Prevention and Control Infectious Disease Reporting Information System in Nanchang City between 2019 and 2022.Results A total of 1180 cases of local mumps were reported in Nanchang City from 2019 to 2022.The average annual reported incidence rate from 2019 to 2022 was 5.16/100000,and the difference in reported incidence rate was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of male cases was more than that of female cases,and the gender ratio of male to female cases was 1.55∶1.Mumps cases were reported every month,and the incidence peak was from March to July.The main age of onset were the children under 15 years old,and the older the age,the more significant the decrease in the number of cases.Students,preschool children and scattered children were the main groups with the top three incidence rates,accounting for 90%of the total reported cases.Conclusions From 2019 to 2022,the reported incidence rate of epidemic parotitis in Nanchang City decreased significantly,but the incidence rate of students,preschool children and scattered children was still high,suggesting that we should strengthen the monitoring of infectious diseases,improve the vaccination rate of related vaccines,strengthen the publicity and education of key populations,improve the awareness of the disease,and do a good job in the investigation and disposal of clustered epidemic,in order to effectively reduce the incidence rate of epidemic parotitis.