蛋重对雏鸡初生重和器官发育的影响

Effects of Egg Weight on Birth Weight and Organ Development of Chicks

试验旨在研究不同蛋重对雏鸡初生重和器官发育的影响。选取90枚种鸡蛋按蛋重分为5组,每组18枚:Ⅰ组(59~62 g)、Ⅱ组(62~65 g)、Ⅲ组(65~68 g)、Ⅳ组(68~71 g)、Ⅴ组(71~74 g)进行为期21 d的孵化。出雏后对雏鸡进行称重、采血和屠宰,记录并分析数据。结果表明:①雏鸡初生重与蛋重呈显著正相关;②雏鸡的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、小肠、肌胃重量与蛋重呈正相关,Ⅴ组的腺胃指数显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),其余器官指数各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);③Ⅴ组雏鸡血清中三酰甘油的含量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ组高密度脂蛋白含量显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅴ组胆固醇的含量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。综上,蛋重与雏鸡的健康水平相关,且蛋重较大不利于雏鸡的健康。

This experiment aimed to study the effects of different egg weights on embryonic organ devel on the birth weight and organ development of chicks.Ninety fertilized chicken eggs were selected and di⁃vided into five groups according to egg weight,with eighteen eggs in each group:groupⅠ(59-62 g),groupⅡ(62-65 g),groupⅢ(65-68 g),groupⅣ(68-71 g),and groupⅤ(71-74 g),for a 21-day incu⁃bation experiment.After hatching,the chicks were weighed,blood was collected,and they were slaugh⁃tered for data recording and analysis.The results are as follows:①the birth weight of chicks was signifi⁃cantly and positively correlated with egg weight;②the weights of the heart,liver,spleen,lungs,kidneys,small intestine,and gizzard of the chicks were positively correlated with egg weight,the gizzard index of groupⅤwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),while the organ index of the other organs showed no significant differences among the groups(P>0.05);③the serum triglycer⁃ide content of groupⅤchicks was significantly higher than that of groupⅠandⅡ,the high-density lipoprotein content was significantly lower in groupⅠandⅡ,and the cholesterol content was significantly higher in groupⅠ,ⅡandⅢ(P<0.05).It was concluded that egg weight is related to the health level of chicks,and larger egg weights may adversely affect the health of chicks.