基于实车测试的草原公路驾驶疲劳预防设施效用分析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Fatigue Prevention Facilities for Grassland Highway Driving Based on Real Vehicle Tests

为测试草原地区驾驶疲劳预防设施的效果,研究以驾驶人在草原公路连续驾驶时的易疲劳点为基础,设计设施对比段和设施影响段2组实验场景进行实车测试,招募10名驾驶人,实车采集主动发光标志、路面限速标识、彩色护栏、彩色防滑道面与路肩黄色导流线、边缘率视错觉减速标线5种防疲劳设施影响下的驾驶人对防疲劳设施效用的主观评价问卷和心率数据,通过卡洛琳斯卡嗜睡量表获取被试在实验前和实验后对疲劳状态的自评结果,对比分析不同疲劳预防设施的影响.实验结果表明,在5种新型防疲劳设施中,彩色防滑道面与黄色导流线的防疲劳设施效果最好,边缘率视错觉减速标线次之,彩色护栏得分最低.在防疲劳设施整体有效性层面,设置有防疲劳设施的路段显著优于未设置防疲劳设施的对照路段,反映了防疲劳设施对于缓解驾驶人的驾驶疲劳会产生一定的效果.

To assess the effectiveness of fatigue prevention facilities in grassland areas,a study was conducted based on the concept of the driver s susceptibility to fatigue during continuous driving on grassland roads.Two sets of experimental scenarios,consisting of a facility comparison segment and a facility impact segment,were designed for real-world testing.Ten drivers were recruited for the study.Real-time data collection during actual driving included five types of fatigue prevention facilities:active luminous signs,road speed limit signs,colored guardrails,colored anti-skid road surfaces,and yellow lane dividers on the shoulder.Drivers provided subjective evaluations of the utility of these fatigue prevention facilities through questionnaires and heart rate data.The Karolinska Sleepiness Scale(KSS)was employed to gather self-assessments of fatigue levels before and after the experiment,allowing for a comparative analysis of the impact of different fatigue prevention facilities.The experimental results indicated among the five fatigue prevention facilities,colored anti-skid road surfaces and yellow lane dividers demonstrated the most effective fatigue prevention.Edge rate visual illusion deceleration markings ranked second,while colored guardrails received the lowest scores.At the overall effectiveness level of fatigue prevention facilities,road segments equipped with such facilities significantly outperformed control segments without them,demonstrating the positive impact of fatigue prevention facilities in mitigating driver fatigue.