易地扶贫搬迁农户市民化水平测度及其影响因素研究——基于贵州省631户搬迁安置农户的调查

Measurement of citizenization level of farmers relocated for poverty alleviation and its influencing factors:A case study of in Guizhou Province

基于贵州省631份易地扶贫搬迁农户的实地调研数据,分析了搬迁农户的市民化特征,构建指标体系测度了搬迁农户市民化水平及其影响因素。研究结果表明:贵州省易地扶贫搬迁农户市民化水平测度结果为0.5379,已达到“半市民化”状态;其中居住条件和文化适应方面的市民化水平较高,但心理认同、经济生活和社会融入方面的市民化水平还较低。县城安置型和跨区县安置型的市民化水平测度结果分别为0.5636、0.5225,前者比后者的市民化进程稍快。从影响因素来看,取得城镇户口的意愿、安置方式、对安置房的满意程度、本地人提供帮助的意愿、家庭年总收入、当前就业行业和当前就业地点等因素对搬迁农户市民化水平有着显著影响。今后应从培育内生动力,发挥治理效能;拓宽增收渠道,促进持续发展;加快社会融入,提升心理认同等方面不断促进搬迁人口的市民化融入进程和区域城镇化高质量发展。

Based on the field survey data of 631 farmers who were relocated for poverty alleviation in Guizhou province,we analyze the characteristics of the relocated farmers'citizenization level,and establishe an index system to measure the level of the relocated farmers'citizenization and its influencing factors.The results show that the measurement result of citizenization level of poverty-alleviation relocated farmers in Guizhou province is 0.5379,which has reached the state of"semi-citizenization".The level of citizenship in terms of living conditions and cultural adaptation is higher,but the level of citizenship in terms of psychological identity,economic life and social integration is lower.The citizenization measurement results of county resettlement and cross-county resettlement are 0.5636 and 0.5225,respectively,the former is slightly faster than the latter.From the perspective of influencing factors,the willingness to obtain local household registration,resettlement methods,satisfaction with resettlement housing,and the degree of assistance provided by local people,total annual household income,current employment industry,and current employment location have a significant impact on the level of urbanization of relocated rural households.In the future,we should continue to promote the process of citizen integration of the relocated population and the high-quality development of regional urbanization from the aspects of cultivating endogenous power and exerting governance effectiveness,broadening income-increasing channels and promoting sustainable development,accelerating social integration and improving psychological identity.