中国体育旅游景区效率时空格局与影响因素

Spatial-temporal pattern of the efficiency of sports tourism scenic spots in China

近年来体旅融合已然成为一种新趋势,如何进一步提高体育旅游景区的综合效率是当前亟待解决的问题。文中运用DEA模型、地理学相关方法和Tobit模型,针对2010-2022年中国49个体育旅游景区进行了效率测度,并对景区效率的时空格局、影响因素进行了分析。研究发现:1)体育旅游景区综合效率较低,主要原因是由于纯技术效率低造成的,且景区规模投入的边际效应已不断递减。2)从空间上看,体育旅游景区效率呈现出东高西低的不均衡态势,东部沿海地区景区形成集聚且效率相对较高;从时间格局上看,2010-2022年体育旅游景区的规模效率整体处于高位,纯技术效率2010-2019年效率稳步提升,2020-2022年有所波动,西部地区景区、刺激冒险型景区效率提升明显。3)体育旅游景区效率受交通通达性、气候条件、当地经济环境、体育发展状况及旅游产业结构等因素的影响,未来景区需注重减少规模投入和体育内容的增加。

In recent years,the integration of sports and tourism has become a new trend.How to further improve the comprehensive efficiency of sports tourism scenic spots is an urgent issue need to be made effort.Using the DEA model,geography-related methods and Tobit model,we measure the efficiency of 49 sports tourism scenic spots in China from 2010 to 2022,and analyze the spatio-temporal pattern of the efficiency of scenic spots and the influencing factors.The research indicates that:1)The comprehensive efficiency of sports tourism scenic spots is lower,which mainly due to the low pure technical efficiency,and the marginal effect of scenic spot scale investment has been decreasing.2)From the perspective of spatial scale,the efficiency of sports tourism scenic spots shows an unbalanced trend of higher in the eastern region and lower in the western region,and the scenic spots in the eastern coastal areas are clustered and relatively higher in efficiency.The overall scale efficiency of tourist attractions is at a higher level.From the perspective of temporal scale,the efficiency of pure technical efficiency increased steadily from 2010 to 2019,and fluctuated from 2020 to 2022.The efficiency of scenic spots in the western region and stimulating and adventurous scenic spots increased significantly.3)The efficiency of sports tourism scenic spots is affected by factors such as traffic accessibility,climatic conditions,local economic environment,sports development status,and tourism industry structure.In the future,scenic spots need to focus on reducing scale investment and increasing sports content.