全面抗战时期川盐“岸价”管理及其实施困境

The Management of"Shore Price"of Sichuan Salt in the Period of Comprehensive Counter-Japanese War and Its Difficulties in Implementation

全面抗战时期,川省盐务机关对所辖区食盐岸价实施核本定价,并先后实施平价、牌价、自力更生核价等办法。实践中,受物价飞涨、国家实施限价政策等因素影响,岸价管理困难重重。各岸运商每以核价不足呈请优核岸价;岸价归公款征收亦因运销商借故拖延、相互推诿及部分盐务机关蓄意包庇而举步维艰;限价时期,岸价调整中心转移,致价格变更难以适应现实需要,官资亏折严重;岸价管理最终陷于官商交困的局面。川盐岸价管理中所面临的种种困难,不仅反映了战时盐业管理的复杂性,亦折射出这一时期四川地区区域经济变动、官商关系等内容,呈现出国民政府统治后期的某些面相。

During the period of the Comprehensive Counter-Japanese War,the salt administration in Sichuan Province implemented cost based pricing for the shore price of table salt in its jurisdiction,and successively implemented methods such as parity,market price,and self-reliance pricing.In practice,due to factors such as soaring prices and the implementation of price limit policies by the government,there are many difficulties in managing shore prices.Each shore carrier submits a request for an optimized shore price if the assessed price is insufficient.The collection of land price as public funds has also been difficult due to delays,mutual shirking of responsibility,and deliberate protection by some salt authorities caused by the use of excuses by shipping companies.During the price limit period,the center of shore price adjustment shifted,making it difficult for price changes to meet practical needs and resulting in severe losses for official funds.The management of shore prices ultimately fell into a dilemma between officials and businesses.The various difficulties faced in the management of Sichuan salt shore prices not only reflect the complexity of wartime salt industry management,but also reflect the regional economic changes and official business relations in Sichuan during this period,presenting certain aspects of the later period of the Nationalist government's rule.