日本国立公园发展历程比较研究及其启示——以富士箱根伊豆国立公园和知床国立公园为例

A Comparative Study of National Park of Japan Development and Its Implications--Taking Fuji-hakone-izu National Park and Shiretoko National Park as Examples

日本作为亚洲最早建立国家公园的国家,其国家公园的管理经验与发展模式可为其他国家尤其是正在建设国家公园的国家提供借鉴。富士箱根伊豆国立公园和知床国立公园是日本知名的国立公园,该文从两者的发展历程及其表现可以得出二者的发展模式不同。在二者差异较大的观光业发展基础上,可以将研究对象扩大为不局限于观光业的与外界的经济互动行为。文章通过综合运用比较分析、案例分析等方法,分层次从两个国立公园与公园外界(个人、团体、政府)的相异经济互动模式比较中,汲取可利用经验,以期为中国国家公园尚未完全定型的与公园外界的经济互动模式提供借鉴。

Japan is the first country in Asia to establish national parks,and its management experience and development model of national parks can provide reference for other countries,especially those who are building national parks.The Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park and the Shiretoko National Park are well-known Japanese national parks,and their development history and performance can reveal their different development patterns.On the basis of the tourism development with great difference between them,the research object can be expanded to the economic interaction behavior with the outside world.Through the comprehensive use of comparative analysis,case analysis and other methods,from the two national parks and the park outside(individuals,groups,governments)different economic interaction model comparison,draw available experience,Hebei hopes to shed light on the still-undefined pattern of economic interaction with the outside world of Chinese national parks.