强激光场对原子核α衰变的影响

Influence of strong laser field on nuclearαdecay

为了探究强激光对原子核α衰变的影响,根据Gamow模型、双折叠模型、团簇模型理论,给出了一套求解原子核α衰变寿命的方法.计算了部分原子核α衰变的半衰期,与实验测量值符合较好,并进一步获取强激光作用下原子核α衰变半衰期的改变量.结果表明,当强激光的功率密度达到10^(26)W/cm^(2)时,超强激光可以减少部分原子核的半衰期约0.1%,有效地影响原子核的α衰变过程.同时,还理论计算了α衰变半衰期随着原子核自身参数与激光功率密度的变化关系,讨论相关参数对于原子核α衰变的影响.

With the development of pulse amplification and compression technology,the peak power of the pulse has been improved by several orders of magnitude,and it is possible for the ultra strong laser field to affect nuclei directly.Theαdecay,as one of the most major forms in nuclear reaction,is a critical research topic in nuclear physics.According to the theory of Gamow model explaining nuclearαdecay in quantum mechanics,double folding model solving nuclear potential energy,and cluster model describing atomic nucleus,we present a complete set of solutions for the half-life of nuclearαdecay to study the influence of ultra strong laser field on nuclearαdecay.These half-lives ofαdecay of different nuclei from medium to heavy in the absence of laser field are obtained,which accord well with the experimental data.Subsequently,we introduce the effects of ultra strong laser field into our theoretical method to achieve the variations of the half-life of nuclearαdecay.Considering that the optical period of the laser pulse is much longer than the theoretical tunneling time and the Lorentz force is much smaller than the Coulomb force,the laser field is treated as an electrostatic field.The results show that the half-life of nuclearαdecay will reduce about 0.1%by the strong laser field with a peak power density of about 1.0×10^(26) W/cm^(2),demonstrating that the half-life of nuclearαdecay is effectively affected by the strong laser field.Furthermore,the influences of the nuclear parameters,e.g.total quantum number G describingαparticle orbits,andαdecay reaction energy Q_(α),on the variations of these half-lives ofαdecay of different nuclei are discussed with the help of the calculation results.The dependence of the half-lives of nuclearαdecay on the laser peak power density is also explained correspondingly.In summary,we provide a more accurate method of calculating the half-life of nuclearαdecay,which is used to study the influences of ultra strong laser field on these half-lives of nuclearαdecay of different nuclei.With the further construction of strong laser devices,more interesting phenomena and results will be found from the experiment on the atomic nucleus under strong laser field.