基因编辑技术的人文审视——基于马克思技术观的人学向度

A Humanistic Examination of Gene Editing Technology:A Humanistic Dimension Based on Marx’s View of Technology

作为现代生命技术领域的一项颠覆性的技术发明,基因编辑技术能够通过技术手段改写人类基因,这对当代人与技术关系提出了新课题。技术观构成马克思哲学思想的重要理论分支,马克思在对技术观的阐发中揭示了技术与人的存在方式、人的生存境遇和人的全面发展的相互联结关系,使得技术观呈现鲜明的人学向度。从马克思技术观的人学向度审视基因编辑技术,需要分析基因编辑技术与人的存在方式和人的生存境遇的新状况,结合基因编辑技术引发的人文挑战提出基因编辑技术的优化理路在于追求和谐共生、克服技术异化、协调人技关系3个维度,进而得以实现人的自由全面发展的技术价值旨归。

As a disruptive technological invention in the field of modern life technology,gene editing technology can rewrite human genes through technical means,which poses a new topic for the relationship between contemporary people and technology.The theory of technology constitutes an important theoretical branch of Marx's philosophical thought.In his exposition of technological thought,Marx reveals the interconnected relationship between technology and human existence,human living conditions,and the comprehensive development of individuals,presenting a distinct anthropological dimension to the theory of technology.To examine gene editing technology from the anthropological perspective of Marx’s view of technology,it is necessary to analyze the new situation of gene editing technology and human existence and human living conditions,and put forward the optimization rationale of gene editing technology in combination with the humanistic challenges caused by gene editing technology,which lies in the pursuit of harmonious symbiosis,overcoming technological alienation,and coordinating the relationship between man and technology,so as to realize the technical value of human freedom all-round development.