大型工程项目品质工程建设场景中的微创新研究

Micro-innovation in the Scenarios of Quality Engineering Construction of Large-scale Engineering Projects

品质工程建设是工程经济高质量发展的重要内容。作为品质工程建设的抓手,微创新在大型工程项目建设场景中受到越来越多的关注。大广高速南康至龙南段扩容工程采用微创新在品质工程建设方面取得显著成效,以其为案例,通过访谈与调研获得一手数据,在场景驱动创新理论视角下探索大型工程项目品质工程建设场景中的微创新要素、内容和策略。结果发现:①大型工程项目品质工程建设场景要素包括战略、需求愿景、参与主体、市场、技术、资源和环境;②在场景驱动下,围绕品质目标的微创新活动内容包括设计理念微创新、工程技术、方法与信息化微创新以及管理制度微创新;③促进微创新的关键策略为沿着微创新活动作好顶层设计、班组管理与工程品质考核验收。研究结论有助于丰富大型工程项目品质工程建设场景驱动微创新理论研究,并为我国大型工程项目品质提升提供参考借鉴。

The investment and construction of large-scale infrastructure projects have played an increasingly important supporting and driving role in Chinese national economic development.However,problems such as low quality,safety accidents and schedule delay have occurred in some large-scale engineering project teams.Therefore,quality engineering construction has become an important part of the high-quality development of the engineering economy.As the starting point of quality engineering construction,micro-innovation has received more and more attention in the construction of large-scale engineering projects,but as a new concept in the field of engineering,its relevant research lags behind the development of practice,and the existing theoretical research is not insufficient.Therefore,from the perspective of scenario-driven innovation theory and case studies,this study aims to explore the elements,contents and strategies of micro-innovation in the quality engineering construction scenarios of large engineering projects,and promote the progress of the theoretical research on micro-innovation in large-scale engineering projects.The study adopts the single case study method.First,it selects the expansion of the Nankang-Longnan section of the Daqing-Guangzhou Expressway in Jiangxi Province based on the three criteria of meeting the standards of large-scale engineering projects,conducting quality engineering construction practices,and achieving many achievements in micro-innovation.The engineering project(hereinafter referred to as the Daguang Expansion Project)is used as a case for exploratory research in this paper.Next,the first-hand data is obtained by means of field surveys and in-depth interviews.A large number of secondary data are supplemented by public literature and collection of internal project documents.Three conclusions are drawn from the analysis.First,the micro-innovation system is driven by the scenarios of quality engineering construction,and the scenario elements include seven aspects:strategy,demand,subject,market,technology,resources and environment.Among them,the environment provides the bearing function in the scenario,the strategy and demand provide the driving function,the subject provides the organization,coordination and operation function,the technology and resources constitute the input,and the market plays the inspection function in the scenario.Second,in the scenario of quality engineering construction of large-scale engineering projects,the key content of micro-innovation activities focuses on three aspects including micro-innovation of design concepts,engineering technology,method and information micro-innovation,and management system micro-innovation.Finally,the experience of the Daguang Expansion Project highlights the importance of the top-level design of the micro-innovation systems and its scheme,the role of front-line teams and to the assessment and acceptance of project quality.According to the needs of different micro-innovation for scenario elements,this paper summarizes seven elements into two categories:the first category is the driving elements that provide direction and motivation for the entire scenario,including strategy,environment,market and demand;the second category is the supporting elements that provide support for the functional realization of the entire scenario,including subjects,resources and technologies.The two types of scenario elements constitute two fields in the micro-innovation ecosystem,namely,the theoretical field of micro-innovation formed by the mutual traction and collaboration of driving elements,which provides strategic arrangement and guidance for the development of micro-innovation activities;and the practical field of micro-innovation formed by mutual combination and activation of supporting elements,which provides support for the project teams to carry out micro-innovation actions.Among them,in the micro-innovation ecosystem,the micro-innovation of project quality design concepts is supported by driving scenario elements,and the micro-innovation of project construction techniques and informatization is dominated by supporting scenario elements.While the micro-innovation of project management system needs to coordinate and penetrate the micro-innovation ecosystem,which will be affected by two types of scenario elements at the same time.The innovation of this research lies in two aspects:first,as a new concept,micro-innovation has made its own new interpretation in the field of engineering;second,as an exploratory theoretical research project,the study explores the elements,contents and strategies of micro-innovation in the scenario of quality engineering construction of large-scale engineering projects from the perspective of case studies.