夏季高温条件下在饲粮中添加酵母培养物对奶牛生产性能和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Adding Yeast Culture to Diet on Production Performance and Antioxidant Capacity of Dairy Cows under High Temperature in Summer

[目的]为探究夏季高温条件下在饲粮中添加酵母培养物对奶牛生产性能和抗氧化能力的影响。[方法]选用60头体况接近、健康无病的荷斯坦牛,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复5头奶牛,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别在饲喂基础饲粮基础上添加10 g/头·d、15 g/头·d和20 g/头·d的酵母培养物。预试验期7 d,正式试验期21 d。[结果]与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组奶牛的平均日采食量显著升高(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组奶牛的产奶量和4%标准乳产量显著升高(P<0.05),牛奶中的体细胞个数显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组奶牛血浆中的葡萄糖含量显著升高(P<0.05),β-羟丁酸含量显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组奶牛的总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶含量显著升高(P<0.05)。[结论]夏季高温条件下,在饲粮中添加酵母培养物,可有效提高奶牛生产性能,增强抗氧化能力,且在本试验条件下,酵母培养物的最佳添加剂量为20 g/头·d。

[Objective]In order to explore the effect of adding yeast culture to the diet on the production performance and antioxidant capacity of dairy cows under high temperature in summer.[Method]Sixty healthy Holstein cows with similar physical condition were randomly divided into four groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 5 cows in each replicate.The control group was fed with basic diet,and groups I,II and III were fed with 10,15 and 20 per day per head yeast culture respectively.The pre-test period is 7 days,and the formal test period is 21 days.[Result]Compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake of dairy cows in experimental group II and experimental group III increased significantly(P<0.05).The milk yield and 4%standard milk yield of dairy cows in groups I,II and III increased significantly(P<0.05),and the number of somatic cells in milk decreased significantly(P<0.05).The content of glucose in plasma of dairy cows in groups I,II and III increased significantly(P<0.05),while the content ofβ-hydroxybutyric acid decreased significantly(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity,the contents of catalase,superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase of dairy cows in groups I,II and III were significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Adding yeast culture to the diet at high temperature in summer can effectively improve the performance of dairy cows and enhance their antioxidant capacity,and the optimal dosage of yeast culture is 20 g/head per day under this experimental condition.