奶山羊乳房炎主要致病菌的分离鉴定及防治措施

Isolation,Identification and Prevention of Main Pathogenic Bacteria of Dairy Goat Mastitis

[目的]对山东临沂地区某奶山羊养殖场乳房炎主要致病菌进行分离鉴定,并探究其药敏性。[方法]本试验采集山东临沂地区某奶山羊养殖场中的患乳房炎奶山羊乳样,通过细菌培养基培养法进行致病菌分离,并使用PCR扩增技术进行测序和数据库对比鉴定病菌,通过Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法测定大肠埃希菌和金黄葡萄球菌对临床实践中常用抗生素的耐药性。[结果]通过分离鉴定共得到109株致病菌,其中大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌占比最多,分别为41.28%和28.44%。耐药性结果表明,大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G和克林霉素具有较高耐药性,而对喹诺酮类抗生素和头孢菌素类抗生素较敏感,其中金黄色葡萄球菌对头孢噻肟钠敏感性最高,为97.0%,而大肠埃希菌对氧氟沙星敏感性最高,为73.8%。提示可以使用这两种抗生素药物治疗该场的奶山羊乳房炎。[结论]该养殖场奶山羊乳房炎细菌性病原主要是金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌,分别对头孢噻肟钠和氧氟沙星最为敏感,推荐临床使用治疗。

[Objective]To isolate and identify the main bacteria causing mastitis in a dairy goat farm in Linyi area of Shandong Province,and to explore its drug sensitivity.[Methods]In this experiment,milk samples of dairy goats with mastitis were collected from a dairy goat farm in Linyi area,Shandong Province,and pathogens were isolated by bacterial culture medium.PCR amplification technology was used for sequencing and database comparison to identify bacteria.The resistance of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.[Result]A total of 109 pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified,among which Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus accounted for the most,41.28%and 28.44%,respectively.The results showed that Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus had high resistance to penicillin G and clindamycin,but were more sensitive to quinolones and cephalosporins.Among them,Staphylococcus aureus had the highest sensitivity to cefotaxime sodium(97.0%),while Escherichia coli had the highest sensitivity to ofloxacin(73.8%).It is suggested that these two antibiotic drugs can be used to treat mastitis of dairy goats in this farm.[Conclusion]The main bacterial pathogens of mastitis in dairy goats in this farm are Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,which are the most sensitive to cefotaxime sodium and ofloxacin respectively,and are recommended for clinical treatment.