环状气囊水消声器声学性能的预测与分析

Prediction and analysis of acoustic performance of annular bladder water silencer

水消声器作为一种有效的噪声控制装置被广泛应用于水管路系统。分别使用模态匹配法和有限元法对环状气囊水消声器的声学性能进行仿真计算,分析气囊水消声器声学特性的原理,并研究气囊水消声器不同媒介间的特性声阻抗大小关系对消声性能的影响规律。计算结果表明:由于阻抗失配关系,在气囊水消声器中气体对声波的传递起主要反射作用。随着橡胶的特性阻抗增大,橡胶会对从水中传递过来的声波起到一定的阻碍作用。当气体体积被压缩时,气体对声波的反射衰减效果会逐渐减弱,从而使得气囊水消声器的传递损失曲线整体幅值下降,消声性能减弱。

As an effective noise control device,water silencer is widely used in water pipeline system.The modal matching method and finite element method are used to simulate the acoustic performance of annular bladder water silencer,the principle of acoustic characteristics of bladder water silencer are analyzed,and the influence of the relationship between the characteristic acoustic impedance of different media of the bladder water silencer on the acoustic performance are studied.The results show that the gas plays a major role in reflection and attenuation of acoustic wave transmission in bladder water silencer due to impedance mismatch.With the increase of the characteristic impedance of rubber,the rubber will play a certain role in blocking the acoustic wave transmitted from the water.When the gas volume is compressed,the reflection and attenuation effect of the gas on the acoustic wave will gradually weaken,which will reduce the overall amplitude of the transmission loss curve of the bladder water silencer and weaken the acoustic attention performance.