不同覆膜处理与行距互作对谷子光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Different Mulching Treatments and Row Spacing Interactions on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Setariai talica

为研究覆膜处理与行距对谷子光合特性和产量的影响,以晋谷21号为试材,设置3种覆盖方式(A1:全覆膜;A2:膜际;A3:不覆膜)与2种行距水平(等行距50 cm、宽窄行60/40 cm)互作栽培,以不覆膜为对照,共设置A1B1(T_(1))、A1B2(T_(2))、A2B1(T_(3))、A2B2-1(T_(4))、A2B2-2(T_(5))、A3B1(CK_(1))和A3B2(CK_(2))7个处理。结果表明,与对照相比,两种覆膜方式均能提高谷子光合能力和产量。其中,A2B1(T_(3))处理净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度均最高,分别为23.38μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)、0.17 mol H 2O·m^(-2)·s^(-1),和133.07μmol·mol^(-1),A1B2(T_(2))处理蒸腾速率最低,为2.82 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),较A3B2(CK_(2))降低了19.20%。A2B1(T 3)处理单穗重和产量均最高,分别为29.25 g和5793.25 kg/hm^(2),显著高于其他处理。综上所述,A2B1(T_(3))处理,可显著增强谷子光合作用,提高产量,获得较高的经济效益,可作为一项重要的栽培措施在榆林地区谷子生产上运用。

In order to study the effects of mulching treatments and row spacing on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Setariai talica,three types of mulching methods(A1:full mulching;A2:inter-membrane;A3:no mulching)were set up to intercropping cultivation with two levels of row spacing(equal spacing 50 cm,wide and narrow rows 60140 cm),and no mulching was taken as the control,with a total of 7 treatments set up,including A1B1(T_(1)),A1B2(T_(2)),A2B1(T_(3)),A2B2-1(T_(4)),A2B2-2(T_(5)),A3B1(CK_(1)),and A3B2(CK_(2)),using the Jin Grain No.21 as the test material.The results showed that both mulching methods could improve the photosynthetic capacity and yield of S.talica compared with the control.Among them,A 2B 1(T_(3))treatment had the highest net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO 2 concentration,which were 23.38μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),0.17 mol H 2O·m^(2)·s,and 133.07μmol·mol-1,respectively,and A1B2(T 2)treatment had the lowest transpiration rate,which was 2.82 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),and was higher than A3B2(CK_(2))by 19.20%.The A2B1(T_(3))treatment had the highest single spike weight and yield,29.25 g and 5793.25 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which were significantly higher than the other treatments.In summary,A2B1(T_(3))treatment,which can significantly enhance S.talica photosynthesis,improve yield,and obtain higher economic benefits,can be used as an important cultivation measure in grain production in Yulin.