不同等级医院医务人员乙型肝炎病毒感染及知识行为现况调查

HBV infection status and the related knowledge and practice of medical staff at different levels of hospitals in Yantai City

目的调查分析烟台市不同等级医院医务人员乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒感染现状及防治知识、行为,为查找乙肝医源性感染风险点,降低医务人员感染风险提供建议。方法采用分层抽样的方法,选取烟台市三级、二级、一级医院医务人员进行乙肝血清学检测及防治知识行为在线问卷调查。结果本次调查收到640份问卷,在乙肝流行病学、免疫预防、临床表现及治疗方面分别有54.69%~82.34%、57.97%~94.38%、47.66%~64.84%医务人员回答正确,一级医院正确率较低。97.50%医务人员担心感染乙肝病毒,然而只有59.69%主动学习乙肝防治知识。33.90%的医务人员近3年发生过锐器伤。抗-HBs阳性率50.00%,HBV感染率11.62%,HBV易感率37.97%。结论部分医务人员对乙肝防治认识不足,发生职业暴露风险高,建议各级医院建立培训考核机制,提高医务人员对乙肝防治的认知,规范操作流程,积极开展乙肝疫苗接种。

Objective To investigate and analyze HBV infection status and the related knowledge and behaviors among medical staffs from different levels of hospitals in Yantai,so as to provide suggestions for risk identification in medically acquired infections and reducing the infection risk among medical staffs.Methods Hepatitis B serological test and the online questionnaire survey on the knowledge and behavior of hepatitis B was conducted among medical staffs from tertiary,secondary and primary hospitals in Yantai city using a stratified sampling method.Results A total of 640 questionnaires were recovered in this survey.For questions of epidemiology,immunoprophylaxis,clinical manifestations and treatment of hepatitis B,54.69%-82.34%,57.97%-94.38% and 47.66%-64.84% of medical staffs answered correctly,respectively.The rate of correct answer was lower in primary hospitals.The medical staffs worrying HBV infection accounted for 97.50% while only 59.69% of them actively learned knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and treatment.Sharp injury occur 33.90% of the medical staffs in the past 3 years.The anti-HBs positivity rate was 50.00% with an incidence HBV infection of 11.62%.The HBV susceptibility rate was 37.97%.Conclusions Some medical staffs had insufficient knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and control with high risk of occupational exposure.It is recommended that hospitals at all levels should establish training and assessment mechanisms to improve knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and control,standardize operational procedures and carry out hepatitis B vaccination among medical staffs.