基于数据挖掘的《普济方·咳嗽门》用药规律研究

Date Mining-Based Research on Medication Rules of Prescriptions in Universal Relief:Cough Medicine

目的分析《普济方·咳嗽门》的治咳方剂,探索其用药规律,为临床治疗咳嗽提供借鉴。方法收集《普济方·咳嗽门》中治疗咳嗽的方剂,使用Excel 2016建立数据库,并进行频数分析,应用SPSS Modeler 18.0软件、Lantern 5.0进行关联规则和隐结构模型分析,从而多维度的探讨《普济方·咳嗽门》治咳的规律。结果共收集方剂607首,中药335味,总用药频次为3941次,其中频次最高的依次为甘草、生姜、苦杏仁。药物功效以化痰止咳平喘、补虚为主,药性大多偏温,药味偏辛、苦、甘,归经多归肺、脾经。关联规则分析共得到14条强关联规则,其中半夏+甘草→生姜、半夏→生姜、麻黄+甘草→苦杏仁为主要强关联规则。通过隐结构分析共得到12个隐变量,根据中医学知识推断得到3个综合聚类和一维简单聚类、4个核心方剂,推断咳嗽门常见证候有寒饮内停证、气虚外感,内有痰湿证,痰热壅肺证、肺虚久咳证。结论《普济方·咳嗽门》治疗咳嗽以益气化痰主,以化痰祛饮治其标,益气敛肺治其本,结合辨证选用温肺化饮、清热化痰、益气解表及收敛肺气类药物。

Objective To explore the medication regularity of prescriptions in Universal Relief:Cough Medicine in that to provide worthy reference for clinical treatment of cough.Methods The prescriptions in Universal Relief:Cough Medicine was collected and then established the database using Excel 2016 softwore,and carried out medication frequency analysis.SPSS Modeler 18.0 and Lantern 5.0 were used to perform association rules analysis and latent structure model analysis to explore medication rules of prescriptions in Universal Relief:Cough Medicine.Results 607 prescriptions were collected,involving 335 traditional Chinese medicines.A total of medication frequency is 3941,The most frequently used TCMs were ganca(glycyrrhizae radixet rhizoma)and shengjiang(zinglberis rhizoma recens)and kuxingren(armeniaeae semen amarum).The main efficacy of the medicine is to dissipate phlegm,relieve cough,relieve asthma,and replenish deficiency,and warm in nature,spicy,bitter,and sweet in taste and lung and spleen in meridian.14 strongly correlated material rules were sorted out by association rule analysis such as banxia(pinelliae rhizoma)+gancao(glycyrrhizae radixet rhizoma)→shengjiang(zinglberis rhizoma recens)、banxia(pinelliae rhizoma)→shengjiang(zinglberis rhizoma recens)and mahuang(ephedrae herba)+gancao(glycyrrhizae radixet rhizoma)→kuxingren(armeniaeae semen amarum).12 variables were obtained by latent structure model analysis,and according to professional knowledge inference,3 integrated cluster models and 1 single cluster and 4 core prescriptions were obtained.It was inferred that the common syndromes of Universal Relief:Cough Medicine were cold drink stoping in the lung,qi deficiency external phlegm dampness inside,phlegm heat blocking lung,and lung deficiency prolonged cough.Conclusion The medication rules of prescriptions in Universal Relief:Cough Medicine is mainly benefiting qi and resolving phlegm,cure both the symptoms and the disease,and in different situations combine with different treatment methods,such as warming the lung and resolving phlegm,clearing heat and resolving phlegm,tonifying qi and resolving external symptoms,and astringent lung qi.