肿瘤免疫标志物在乳腺癌免疫治疗中的作用机制及应用进展

Mechanism and Application Progress of Tumor Immune Markers in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy

免疫治疗是目前最具前景的抗肿瘤治疗手段之一,然而较弱的免疫原性及被抑制的免疫反应性在很大程度上限制了免疫治疗在乳腺癌(BC)中的应用。近年来越来越多的研究发现,肿瘤免疫标志物[如程序性死亡受体-1(PD-L1)等]参与肿瘤免疫的某些环节,促进免疫抑制的形成从而影响免疫治疗的效果。肿瘤免疫生物标志物通过预测、监视和调控肿瘤免疫反应的平衡,促进了BC精准化、个体化免疫治疗和创新性临床应用的发展。综述抗肿瘤免疫关键的起止环节(即免疫识别和杀伤),肿瘤免疫标志物的作用机制及其相关临床研究和应用,以期为BC免疫治疗进一步研究提供参考。

Immunotherapy is deemed as one of the most promising anti-tumor treatments.However,weak immunogenicity and suppressed immune reactivity largely constrain the application of immunotherapy in breast cancer(BC).In the past few decades,more and more studies have found that tumor immune markers such as programmed death receptor-1(PD-L1)are involved in certain aspects of tumor immunity,promoting the formation of immune suppression and thus affecting the effect of immunotherapy.Tumor immune biomarkers promote the development of precise and individualized immunotherapy of BC as well as its innovative clinical applications by predicting,monitoring and regulating the balance of tumor immune response.This article reviews the key starting and ending of anti-tumor immunity(immune recognition and killing),the mechanism of tumor immune markers and their related clinical research and application,in order to provide some reference for further research on BC immunotherapy.