技能型社会建设中的“建设”:行业企业的用人之道

The Construction of Skill-based Society in the Construction of Industry Enterprises:Employment Strategies for Industry Enterprises

建设技能型社会,是推动新时期我国经济社会高质量发展的重要举措。技能型社会的建设不仅是一个未来愿景,而且是一个系统工程,需要行业企业等不同主体在其中发挥关键作用。围绕技能型社会建设这一问题域,形成四大核心问题,即技能积累问题、技能更新问题、技能保护问题和技能评价问题。行业、企业在解决上述核心问题过程中扮演着重要角色,行业企业的用人之道关乎技能型社会建设的成效。分析美国、德国、中国等几个代表性国家行业企业的用人之道,可以发现,各国在解决技能积累、技能更新、技能保护、技能评价问题上存在重要差异,对于明确新时期我国技能型社会建设方向具有重要启示。为帮助我国更快地建成技能型社会,面向未来,需要重构行业企业的用人之道。在技能积累方面,服务国家高水平科技自立自强战略,开展有组织的技能创新活动。在技能更新方面,制定技能型人才阶段式培养计划,充分开发行业企业技能培训功能。在技能保护方面,处理好技术进步与技能发展之间的关系,发挥相互之间的互补作用。在技能评价方面,完善科学可操作的技能等级评价制度,加强技能评价结果的应用。

Building a skill-based society is an important measure to promote high-quality economic and social development in China in the new era.The construction of a skill-based society is not only a future vision but also a systematic project that requires different stakeholders,such as industry enterprises,to play a key role.Four core issues have been identified in the domain of skill-based society construction:skill accumulation,skill renewal,skill protection,and skill evaluation.The approach taken by industry enterprises in addressing these core issues is crucial for the effectiveness of skill-based society construction.Analyzing the approaches adopted by representative countries such as the United States,Germany,and China reveals significant differences in addressing issues related to skill accumulation,renewal,protection,and evaluation.These findings provide important insights for clarifying the direction of skill-based society construction in China in the new era.To facilitate the rapid construction of a skill-based society in China,it is necessary to reconstruct the approach taken by industry enterprises.In terms of skill accumulation,organized skill innovation activities should be conducted to serve the national strategy of achieving self-reliance in high-level science and technology.Regarding skill renewal,a phased training plan for skill-based talents should be developed,and the training function of industry enterprises should be fully utilized.Concerning skill protection,the relationship between technological progress and skill development should be managed effectively to leverage their complementary effects.In terms of skill evaluation,a scientifically feasible skill grading evaluation system should be improved,and the application of skill evaluation results should be strengthened.