基于应变的火炮身管健康监测和剩余寿命评估的可行性研究

Feasibility study on strain-based health monitoring and life assessment of gun barrel

火炮发射过程中产生的烧蚀磨损和疲劳使身管性能逐渐衰退直至不能使用,更为严重的是,时而发生的膛炸事故对人员生命和武器装备安全构成威胁,身管发射安全隐患始终存在。传统的身管寿命评估方法,包括基于尺寸、图像、温度和初速变化来预测身管剩余使用寿命的方法,尚不能科学、准确地评估身管健康状态和剩余使用寿命。针对该问题,在深入分析身管内膛损伤物理机制的基础上,提出以发射时身管外壁面应变为损伤特征参数的身管健康监测方法,揭示了应变与弹丸-身管-发射药系统之间的内在映射关系,阐释了该方法的基本原理以及如何用于评估身管剩余使用寿命。火炮实弹射击数据和数值模拟结果均证实了该方法的科学性、可靠性和实用性。

Erosion,wear,and fatigue of gun barrel during firing make its performance deteriorate and the gun barrel cannot be used anymore and has to be removed from the service in the end.What is more serious is that occasionally occurred burst of gun barrel poses a threat to the crew and the weapon.There exists potential safety hazard with the gun barrel along its total useful life.Traditional evaluation methods of gun barrel life,including dimension-based,graph-based,temperature-based,muzzle velocity-based methods,could not assess the condition of gun barrel and its remaining useful life scientifically and correctly.In order to overcome these specific questions,we investigated the damage mechanism of gun bore and put forward a strain-based method to evaluate the health of gun barrel which uses the strain on the exterior surface of the gun barrel as the damage characteristic parameter.The inherent mapping relationship between the strain and the system of projectile-gun barrel-propellant is disclosed.The principle of the method is explained in detail and how to use this method to assess the remaining useful life is also interpreted.The actual firing data of different types of guns and the numerical simulation results verify the scientific nature,reliability,and practicality of this method.