云南重楼与球药隔重楼皂苷含量差异及光合特性研究

Comparative Study on Polyphyllins Content and photosynthesis in Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis and Paris fargesii Franch.

目的了解云南重楼与球药隔重楼皂苷含量差异及光合特性,为重楼人工栽培及药用资源开发利用奠定理论基础。方法以6年生云南重楼和球药隔重楼为材料,使用HPLC测定皂苷含量,LI-6800光合测定仪测定光合参数,紫外吸收法测定生化参数,石蜡包埋法测定叶片显微结构。结果云南重楼与球药隔重楼皂苷含量及光合特性具有较大差异:(1)球药隔重楼总皂苷含量较云南重楼高118.97%,云南重楼中薯蓣皂苷类含量占总皂苷的95.86%;(2)球药隔重楼光补偿点仅为7.20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),且净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度/环境CO_(2)浓度均显著低于云南重楼;(3)球药隔重楼叶绿素b含量显著高于云南重楼,且叶绿素a/b含量显著低于云南重楼;(4)云南重楼可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及脯氨酸含量显著高于球药隔重楼,MDA含量显著低于球药隔重楼;(5)球药隔重楼叶片厚度、栅海比显著高于云南重楼。结论球药隔重楼具有较高的皂苷含量且具有更好的抗寒性及耐阴性,可以考虑将球药隔重楼作为云南重楼的替代品进行深入研究与开发。

Objective The purpose of this study is to understand the difference in polyphyllins content and photosynthetic charac⁃teristics between Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis and Paris fargesii Franch.,laying a theoretical foundation for the artifi⁃cial cultivation and utilization of medicinal resources of Paris polyphylla.Methods We used 6-year old P.polyphylla var.yun⁃nanensis and P.fargesii as materials to determine the polyphyllins content by HPLC,photosynthetic parameters by LI-6800 pho⁃tosynthesis tester,and biochemical parameters by UV absorption method and microstructure of leaves by paraffin embedding meth⁃od.Results There are significant differences in the polyphyllins content and photosynthetic characteristics between P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis and P.fargesii:(1)The content of total polyphyllins in P.fargesii was higher than that in P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,and the content of diosgenins in P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis accounts for 95.86%of the total polyphyllins;(2)The light compensation point of P.fargesii was only 7.20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),and Pn,Tr,Gs and Ci/Ca were significantly lower than that of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis;(3)The chlorophyll b content of P.fargesii was significantly higher than that of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,and the chlorophyll a/b content was remarkably lower than that of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis;(4)The contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and proline of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis were significantly higher and the MDA content was remarkably lower than that of the P.fargesii;(5)The leaf thickness and P/S of the P.fargesii were remark⁃ably higher than those of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis.Conclusion With higher polyphyllins content and better cold resistance and shade tolerance,P.fargesii can be considered as an alternative to P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis for further research and de⁃velopment.