《德意志意识形态》的“虚假意识形态”批判再研究

A Restudy of the Criticism of“False Ideology”in German Ideology

在马克思主义意识形态理论研究中,“虚假意识形态”始终占据一席之地。要回答该问题,必须回归马克思主义经典作家的科学论述。《德意志意识形态》关于“虚假意识形态”发展进路和生产机制的解析,使“虚假意识形态”能够从“虚”与“假”两个方面,本体论、认识论和价值论三重维度进行理解。马克思恩格斯通过剖析统治阶级的“兜售”手段、阐释人的本质特征以及关注人类实践活动的重要性,进一步实现了对“虚假意识形态”的批判。这一批判蕴含历史唯物主义基本立场、观点和方法,不仅解答了“虚假意识形态”相关问题,对强化社会主义意识形态工作也有极强的指导意义。

In the study of Marxist ideology theory,“false ideology”has always occupied a place.To answer this question,we must return to the scientific discourse of classic Marxist writers.The analysis of the development path and production mechanism of“false ideology”in German Ideology enables“false ideology”to be understood from two aspects of“false”and“false”,and from three dimensions of ontology,epistemology and axiology.Marx and Engels further realized the criticism of“false ideology”by analyzing the“peddling”means of the ruling class,explaining the essential characteristics of human beings and paying attention to the importance of human practical activities.This criticism contains the basic position,viewpoint and methodology of historical materialism,which not only answers the relevant problems of“false ideology”,but also has a strong guiding significance for strengthening socialist ideology.