因果连词“因而”“从而”“故而”的语义倾向研究

The Semantic Preference of Causal Conjunctions of“Yīnér”“Cóngér”and“Gùér”

“因而”“从而”“故而”在意义和用法上既有共同点,又存在差异之处。立足古代汉语考察“因而”“从而”“故而”的造词理据,发现其生成方式均属于跨层结构的词汇化,源头可以追溯到先秦文献语言。本文探索三个词的生成源头,理解其生成机制,借助古今汉语传承发展的历时脉络,通过分析实词语素“因”“从”“故”的词义特点把握三个因果连词的不同语义倾向,进而解释差异形成的内在原因,并指出三个词的使用需要满足的语义条件,明确三者可以互换的具体语境。

There are both commonalities and differences of causal conjunctions“Yīnér”“Cóngér”and“Gùér”in their meanings and usages.The article inspects the etymological rationale of the morpheme.It is found that the three words all have developed from ancient Chinese,and belong to cross-constitute lexicalization.Based on diachronic research,this study explores the origin of three words,interpret the mechanism of their generation.According to the lexical meanings and characteristics of the morphemes“Yīn”“Cóng”and“Gù”,we can distinguish the semantic tendencies of the three words in modern Chinese.The article also explains the reasons and notes the semantic conditions of the three words,and clarifies the specific contexts in which the three words can be interchanged.