新型气体膨胀技术在隧洞开挖工程中初步应用分析

Preliminary Application Analysis of New Gas Expansion Technology in Tunnel Excavation Engineering

为了在不许可使用炸药爆破的条件下进行隧洞开挖,本文首次将新型气体膨胀技术应用到隧洞开挖工程中,探索出了一套适用于隧洞开挖的掏槽、扩槽、辅助、周边膨胀破岩的方法,初步总结出的钻孔、充气、堵塞、点火、防护等技术参数,在广东某隧洞开挖工程的现场应用中得到了验证。应用研究表明,新型气体膨胀技术可以在坚硬岩体中进行水平掘进,具有操作安全、破岩效率高、不产生爆炸冲击波、气体膨胀破岩产生的振动幅值较低,不涉及民爆物品等优点,可有效解决复杂环境下不许可使用民爆物品,而使用机械劈裂法开挖进度太慢的问题,具有广阔的工程应用前景。

In order to solve the problem of tunnel excavation without the permission of using explosives for blasting,this article applied the new gas expansion technology to tunnel excavation engineering for the first time,exploring a set of cutting,expanding,auxiliary,and peripheral expansion rock breaking methods suitable for tunnel excavation,and preliminarily summarized technical parameters such as drilling,inflation,blockage,ignition,and protection.After on-site application research on a tunnel excavation project in Guangdong,it has been verified.Applied research has shown that the new gas expansion technology can perform horizontal excavation in hard rock masses,with advantages such as safe operation,high rock breaking efficiency,no generation of explosive shock waves,and low vibration amplitude generated by gas expansion rock breaking,no involvement of civilian explosives.It can effectively solve the problem of not allowing the use of civil explosives in complex environments and using mechanical splitting method to excavate too slowly,and has broad engineering application prospects.