吉林天文观测基地光学观测环境及相关研究进展

Optical Observation Environment of Jilin Astronomical Observatory

地基光学天文望远镜是人类探索与研究宇宙的重要手段,对已有地基光学台址的光学观测环境进行监测分析,可以为后期设备针对性改造以及观测者调整观测策略提供参考依据,对提升地基光学设备的观测效能具有重要的意义.吉林天文观测基地(简称“基地”)隶属于中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站,位于吉林省吉林市大绥河镇小绥河村南沟约5 km处(东经126.3°,北纬43.8°,海拔高度313m).基地大气视宁度均值范围约为1.3″-1.4″、天顶附近V波段的天光背景亮度为20.64mag·arcsec^(-2)、年晴夜数最高可达270余天,具有良好的天文观测条件.吉林天文观测基地于2016年投入运行,现有1.2m光电望远镜、迷你光电阵列望远镜、大视场光电望远镜阵列、新型多功能阵列结构光电探测平台等多台(套)光电望远镜设备.利用上述设备,主要围绕空间目标探测与识别、精密轨道确定、光电探测新方法以及变源天体的多色测光等开展相关研究工作,与多家国内高校及科研院所保持着良好的合作关系.

Ground-based optical astronomical telescopes are one of the most important instruments for human exploration and research of the universe.Monitoring and analysis of the optical observation environment of the existing ground-based optical station can provide a reference for the targeted modification of equipment and the adjustment of observation strategies of observers,which is of great significance for improving the observation efficiency of ground-based optical equipment.Jilin Astronomical Observatory(hereinafter referred to as the“Base”)is located about 5 kilometers(126.3°E,43.8°N,313 meters above sea level)in Nangou,Xiaosuihe Village,Dasuihe Town,Jilin City,Jilin Province,which is affiliated to the Changchun Observatory,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The mean value of seeing of the base is about 1.3″-1.4″,the night sky brightness in the V band near the zenith is 20.64mag·arcsec^(-2),and the maximum number of clear nights is better than 270 days per year,which shows the good astronomical observation conditions.Jilin Astronomical Observatory,which was put into operation in 2016,has several photoelectric telescopes,including the 1.2-meter photoelectric telescope,the Mini Optoelectronic Telescope Array,the large field of view photoelectric telescope array,and the advanced multi-functional array-structured photoelectric detector.With the equipments mentioned above,we have carried out relevant research mainly on space target detection and recognition,precision orbit determination,new photoelectric detection methods and multicolor photometry of variables,and so forth.We have maintained a good cooperative relationship with a number of domestic universities and scientific research institutes.