市场竞争还是创新竞赛?——“跨界竞合”情境下传统产业在位企业行为选择研究

The strategy choice of incumbents in traditional industries in the context of cross-border co-opetition:market competition or innovation competition?

在颠覆性技术“跨界竞争”与产业融合的背景下,传统产业在位者可能争取机会实施产业整合并进而与替代性进入者达成竞合,以缓解甚至扭转被替代的不利局面。但进入者与在位者之间的竞合并非长期稳固的战略联盟,在位企业如何把握竞合的战略机遇完成转型升级与高质量发展,是中国制造企业转型升级战略的关键步骤。本文基于对中国汽车制造83家上市公司的2011-2018年面板数据回归分析,探讨在位者与进入者之间的竞合行为对在位企业市场竞争和创新竞赛等行为选择的影响,以及在位者市场竞争频次和创新频次在其中的中介作用。研究结果表明,在位者与替代性进入者达成竞合以后,以创新竞赛和市场竞争两种策略都可以提高战略绩效,且创新竞赛对提高绩效的作用更强。本文可为传统制造企业学习采纳颠覆性创新技术,融合科技创新促进高质量发展,提供来自竞合视角的理论指导。

In the context of disruptive technology“cross-border looting”and industrial integration,the incumbent of traditional industries may strive for opportunities to implement industrial integration,and then reach coopetition with Substitute entrants,so as to alleviate or even reverse the passive situation.However,the coopetition between entrants and incumbents is not a long-term and stable strategic alliance.Incumbent enterprises how to grasp the strategic opportunities of coopetition,reverse the unfavorable situation under the Substitute enter,and complete the transformation and upgrading and high-quality development is the key step of the transformation and upgrading strategy of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.Based on the panel data regression analysis of 83 listed companies in China’s automobile manufacturing from 2011 to 2018,this paper discusses the impact of coopetition behaviors between incumbents and entrants on incumbents’market value,and the mediating mechanism of incumbents’market competition frequency and innovation frequency.The results show that after the incumbent and the alternative entrant reach a coopetition,both strategies of innovation competition and market competition can improve strategic performance,and innovation competition has a stronger effect on improving performance.The conclusion of this paper provides theoretical guidance from the perspective of coopetition for traditional manufacturing enterprises to learn to adopt disruptive innovation technology,integrate scientific and technological innovation and promote high-quality development.