能性动趋式“V得(不)过来/过去”的不对称分化特征

Asymmetric Differentiations of the Potential Trending-verb Complement Constructions

文章基于定性和定量方法探讨了能性动趋式“V得(不)过来/过去”的不对称分化特征。“V得(不)过来”基于向心视角表征有界事件,重在结果感知。由外部“归因”凸显内在“结果”,核心义为能性周遍义。而“V得(不)过去”基于离心视角表征无界事件,重在过程感知,以动词来锚定事件的实现方式,核心义为能性度过义。“V得(不)过来”以高意愿和能力受限表征“愿而不能”的动力可能;而“V得(不)过去”则以低意愿和低能力表征为“不能为之”或“勉强为之”的动力可能,其中“说看”类官能动词进入后构式习语化,由示证情态发展为表价值评判的认识情态。

Based on qualitative and quantitative studies,this paper discusses the asymmetric differentiations of the Potential Trending-Verb Complement Constructions“V得(不)过来/过去”."V得(不)过来"represents bounded events based on the centripetal perspective,focusing on the results which is highlighted by the external attribution.The core meaning of"V得(不)过来"is"dealing with universally".While"V得(不)过去"characterizes unbounded events based on centrifugal perspective,focusing on process perception and anchoring the realization of events with verbs.The core meaning of"V得(不)过去"is"passing through"."V得(不)过来"represents the dynamic state of high wiliness;However,"V得(不)过去"is characterized by low willingness as a dynamic mode of"unwilling to do it"or"reluctant to do it",and thus develops into a cognitive mode of negative value judgment.