职业教育产教融合政策发展的国际比较与启示——以德国、英国、日本为例

International Comparison and Enlightenment on the Development of Integration between Industry and Education Policies in Vocational Education——Taking Germany,Britain,and Japan as Examples

职业教育深化产教融合,对经济社会的发展具有重要意义。德国、英国及日本是国际上职业教育发展较为成熟的国家,他们以政府、行业协会、企业与学校为重要主体,以人才培养、产教融合、经济建设为主要目标,并以规范的法律体系、标准的评价机制等助力政策的实施,逐步形成了可适应社会发展、满足社会需求的职业教育产教融合政策体系。借鉴其经验,我国为推动职业教育高质量发展,可进一步强化政策内容建设、优化有效衔接的学位体系、构建标准化的评价机制、创新区域化产教融合模式。

Deepening the integration between industry and education in vocational education is of great significance to the highquality development of the economy and society.Germany,the United Kingdom,and Japan are among the more mature countries in the international development of vocational education.They take government,industry associations,enterprises,and schools as the main body,personnel training,integration between industry and education,and economic construction as the main goals,and adopt standardized legal systems and standardized evaluation mechanisms as auxiliary tools for policy implementation.Gradually form a policy system for the integration between industry and education in vocational education that can adapt to social development and meet social needs.To promote the high-quality development of China's vocational education system,it is necessary to further strengthen the construction of policy content,optimize the degree system of effective connection,build a standardized evaluation mechanism,and innovate the regional integration between industry and education.