犯罪定量要素与刑法立法模式调整

Quantitative Elements of Crime and Transformation of the Criminal Law s Legislative Mode

在中国刑法犯罪定义中,定量要素是区分行政违法与刑事违法的关键标准,也是构建统一刑法典模式的重要基础和必要前提。这种立法模式有利有弊,其最大弊端是减损了刑法规范的明确性。特别是在自然犯的犯罪定义中,定量要素的界定存在一定程度的模糊性,这成为混淆罪与非罪界限的重要立法因素。为了解决定量要素减损刑法规范明确性的问题,应当以立法方式规范司法定量,并推动刑法立法模式从统一刑法的模式向多元立法模式的转型。

Quantitative elements in crime definition are the main legislative technical factors affecting the clarity of criminal law norms.It is also the foundation of the Chinese criminal law legislative model.The legislative model has both advantages and disadvantages.The biggest disadvantage is that it detracts from the normative clarity of criminal law.Particularly in the case of natural offenders,the definition of quantitative elements has a certain degree of ambiguity,which has become an important factor that blurs the line between crime and non-crime.In order to solve the problem of quantitative elements detracting from the clarity of criminal law norms,it is necessary to adopt a legislative approach to judicial quantification and to promote the transformation of the legislative model of criminal law from that of a unified criminal law to that of a pluralistic one.