应对供水突发公共事件的炭砂滤池应急改造技术研究

Research on emergency transformation technology of carbon sand filter in response to drinking water supply public emergencies

依托武汉某水厂开展中试考察不同炭砂配比对水中污染物的去除效果,探究不同冲洗参数对冲洗效果的影响。结果表明,最佳炭层和砂层厚度为800 mm和500 mm,最佳冲洗方式为16 L/(m^(2)·s)气冲3 min、间隔2 min、13 L/(m^(2)·s)水冲9 min。1#炭砂滤柱对氨和高锰酸盐指数的平均去除率分别为46.99%和54.81%,其对有机物的去除效果明显优于砂滤柱,当进水浊度低于2 NTU时,1#炭砂滤柱浊度平均去除率可达85.67%,出水满足厂区滤后水浊度指标的要求。采用最佳炭砂配比和冲洗方式,1#炭砂滤柱滤后水浊度和高锰酸盐指数去除率可达89.56%和66.27%。结合上述中试结果,并通过对实际工程中砂滤池及炭砂滤池进行调研,形成一套完整的炭砂滤池工程改造方案,为应对供水突发事件时砂滤池改造为炭砂滤池提供一定的理论指导。

Based on a water plant in Wuhan,a pilot study was conducted to investigate the removal effect of different carbon sand ratios on pollutants in water,and to explore the impact of different washing parameters on the washing effect.The results showed that the optimal thickness of the carbon layer and sand layer was 800 mm and 500 mm,and the optimal washing method was 16 L/(m^(2)·s)air flushing for 3 minutes and interval of 2 minutes and 13 L/(m^(2)·s)water flushing for 9 minutes.The average removal rates of ammonia and permanganate index by the 1#carbon sand filter were 46.99%and 54.81%,respectively.Its removal effect of organic matter was significantly better than that of the sand filter.When the influent turbidity was below 2 NTU,the average removal rate of turbidity by the 1#carbon sand filter could reach 85.67%,and the effluent met the requirement of the plant's filtered water turbidity.By using the optimal carbon sand ratio and washing method,the turbidity and permanganate index removal rates of the filtered water in the 1#carbon sand filter could reach 89.56%and 66.27%,respectively.Combining the above pilot study results and conducting research on sand and carbon sand filters in practical engineering,a complete set of carbon sand filter engineering transformation plan was formed,providing theoretical guidance for transforming sand filters into carbon sand filters in response to drinking water supply emergencies.