西部民族地区理科教育高质量发展面临的挑战与应对——基于文化生态理论的视角

Challenges and Responses to the Development of High-Quality Science Education in Western Ethnic Areas from Perspective of Cultural Ecology Theory

推进民族地区教育高质量发展是“十四五”时期我国教育事业发展的客观要求。进入新时代,西部民族地区理科教育发展中面临着诸多挑战,如学生的国家通用语言文字能力依然较弱,理科教师的培养与补充机制还不健全,传统民族教育体系的局限性日益凸显,理科教育文化生态失衡等。为此,提出推进西部民族地区理科教育高质量发展的几项对策:全面提升学生的国家通用语言文字能力,充分发挥国家通用语言文字在理科学习中的基础作用;建立理科教师培养与补充的长效机制;全面推进国家统编理科教材的使用;改革民族地区复杂多样的高考招生模式,向以国家通用语言文字考试为主的高考模式过渡;促进智能教育与理科教育的深度融合;创新理科教学方式,激发学生的科学学习热情。

Promoting the high-quality development of education in ethnic regions is a necessary requirement for the development of China's education in the 14th Five-Year Plan period.Entering the new era,the development of science education in the western ethnic areas is still facing many challenges,such as the weak foundation of students'national language and writing skills,the inadequate training and supplementation mechanism of science teachers,the limitations of the traditional science education system,and the imbalance of the cultural ecology of science education.This paper believes that the key to promoting the high-quality development of science education in western ethnic regions is to comprehensively improve students'national language and writing ability,construct a long-term mechanism for training and supplementing science teachers in western ethnic regions;Comprehensively promote the use of national unified science textbooks;Reform the complex and diverse college entrance examination enrollment model in ethnic regions and transition to a college entrance examination model based on national language and writing examinations;Promote the deep integration of intelligent education and science education;Innovate science teaching methods and stimulate students'enthusiasm for science and technology learning.