实证还是思辨——两种教育研究的路径探析

Empirical Research or Speculative Research?—An Exploration of the Two Approaches in Educational Research

教育研究经过一百多年的发展已经成为科学研究的重要组成部分,但我国学界对于思辨研究和实证研究的争论从未停止。从实证研究和思辨研究的发展历史溯源,深入探析两种研究范式的内涵与分类,发现实证研究与思辨研究正从“非此即彼”走向“融合并存”,教育研究需要平衡思辨和事实证据在研究中的比例,避免两种极端情况,系统文献综述法即反映了实证与思辨研究的融合。通过梳理建构清晰的教育研究图景,旨在解决当前教育研究领域的争论,为促进我国教育研究质量提升提供参考。

Educational research has become part of modern scientific research over a hundred years'development.However,the debate between empirical and speculative approaches in educational research never reaches a consensus in China.This study traced the history of both empirical and speculative approaches to deeply investigate their possible relationships:The results indicated that the current trend of educational research shifted from"emphasis of one approach"to the"interdependence of both approaches".For one thing,the speculative approach provided theoretical framework and possible interpretations of research findings,and for another,the empirical approach supported scientific arguments by providing solid evidence.Educational research should balance the ratio of speculative and empirical approaches in order to avoid extremes of purely empirical or speculative approach.The current study analyzed the case of""systematic review"as another approach of educational research and how it could fit into the frame of interdependence of empirical and speculative approaches.Through the establishment of the above concepts in educational research,this study contributes to solving the current debate in research approaches in education,and thus providing suggestions in improving the quality of educational research in China.