情法合一:中国特色基层治理之道——以D村人民调解实践为例

Integration of Law and Emotion:the Way of Grassroots Governance with Chinese Characteristics--A Case Study of People's Mediation in Village D

人民调解是一项具有中国特色的、根植于中华传统文化的制度,是“枫桥经验”在基层实践中的重要体现形式。人民调解在化解社会矛盾、促进社会和谐方面具有不可替代的作用。通过对D村人民调解案例研究,发现基层治理中的乡村矛盾是违背了“情”“法”共同作用的结果。这意味着人民调解需要综合考虑乡规民约和法律规则的共同作用,“情法合一”灵活使用多种手段才可以化解矛盾。但是,在调解过程中仍面临着乡规民约和正式制度的冲突、调解最前端的村干部缺乏主动性、调解决定的执行缺乏政策保障等问题,导致调解工作遇阻。因此,应该继续完善制度供给、赋能基层人员、教育民众遵守法规,将中国特色的基层治理之道更成功更广泛应用于乡村人民调解的实践。

People's mediation is an institutional practice in China for resolving conflicts among individuals.It is based on traditional Chinese culture and represents a significant aspect of the"Fengqiao Experience"in local governance.People's mediation plays an essential role in resolving social conflicts and promoting social harmony.The study of a mediation case in Village D reveals that conflicts in rural governance arise due to the failure to combine the influence of local customs and legal regulations.Therefore,people's mediation requires comprehensive consideration of both.It is essential to parallel mores and regulations and flexibly employ various means to resolve conflicts.However,the mediation process still faces challenges,such as conflicts between local customs and formal institutions,the absence of village cadres in mediation,and a lack of policy guarantees for enforcing mediation decisions.These factors hinder the mediation task.Therefore,it is essential to provide institutional support,empower grassroots officials,and educate the public to comply with laws and regulations.This willfacilitate the successful and widespread application of the Fengqiao case in rural governance of people's mediation.