留守儿童24h活动与情绪行为问题的关系

Association of 24hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among leftbehind children

目的了解留守儿童24 h活动行为达标情况及其与情绪行为问题的关系,为24 h活动干预促进留守儿童情绪行为问题的实践提供理论参考。方法于2023年2—5月,采用方便整群抽样方法,从浙江省宁波市、金华市、台州市、温州市和丽水市5个地市选取10所小学的四至六年级1117名留守儿童进行24 h活动和情绪行为问卷调查,运用一般线性模型分析留守儿童24 h活动指南达标情况与情绪行为问题的关系。结果24 h活动行为中睡眠时长达标所占比例最高(52.19%),中高强度身体活动(MVPA)达标占比最低(17.73%),MVPA、屏幕时间、睡眠时长3项活动均达标的比例为7.43%。线性回归分析结果显示,指南的达标数量与留守儿童情绪行为呈剂量-效应关系,即达标数量越多,留守儿童的情绪行为问题风险越低(困难因子:β=-0.56,95%CI=-1.23~-0.19;长处因子:β=0.50,95%CI=-0.48~1.22;P值均<0.01)。与未达标的留守儿童相比,屏幕时间(β=-0.23,95%CI=-2.18~-0.14)和睡眠时长(β=-0.13,95%CI=-1.66~-0.11)独立达标与困难因子均呈负相关,MVPA(β=0.13,95%CI=0.09~1.08)和睡眠时长(β=0.18,95%CI=0.09~1.40)独立达标与长处因子均呈正相关(P值均<0.01);与达到1项标准相比,达到2项或全部3项标准与留守儿童困难因子、长处因子的相关性更强(P值均<0.01)。结论24 h活动行为达标与留守儿童情绪行为问题负性相关。应制定综合干预措施,改善留守儿童24 h活动行为,促进留守儿童心理健康。

Objective To examine the association of 24hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among leftbehind children,so as to provide a theoretical reference for the practice of 24hour activity interventions to promote emotional and behavioral problems in this population.Methods From February to May 2023,1117 leftbehind children in grades 4-6 from 10 primary schools in five cities in Zhejiang Province were selected using a convenient cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey examining 24hour movement behaviors,as well as emotional and behavioral problems.The general linear model was adopted to analyze the association between satisfying the 24hour movement behavior guidelines,and emotional and behavioral problems among leftbehind children.Results The sleep duration compliance rate was the highest(52.19%),while the moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)compliance rate was the lowest(17.73%).The compliance rate of the three activities accounted for 7.43%.There was a doseresponse between the number of guidelines satisfied,and the emotional and behavior of leftbehind children;that was,satisfaction of a higher number of guidelines was associated with a lower risk of emotional and behavioral problems among leftbehind children(difficulty factor:β=-0.56,95%CI=-1.23--0.19;strength factor:β=0.50,95%CI=-0.48-1.22,P<0.01).Compared to satisfying none of the guidelines,satisfying the guidelines for screen time(β=-0.23,95%CI=-2.18--0.14)and sleep duration(β=-0.13,95%CI=-1.66--0.11)was negatively correlated with the difficulty factor,while satisfying the guideline for MVPA(β=0.13,95%CI=0.09-1.08)and sleep duration(β=0.18,95%CI=0.09-1.40)was positively associated with the strength factor.In addition,satisfying two or all three of the guidelines was more strongly associated with these outcomes than satisfying one of the recommendations(P<0.01).Conclusions Meeting the 24hour movement behavior guidelines can improve emotional and behavioral problems among leftbehind children.It is necessary to raise their awareness of the effect of satisfying the 24hour movement behavior guidelines and formulate comprehensive intervention measures.