12周脊柱健康体操对青少年高低肩的干预效果

Intervention effect of 12 week spinal health gymnastics on high and low shoulder exercise in adolescents

目的研究12周脊柱健康操运动对青少年高低肩的干预效果,为探索简便易行的干预措施提供实证依据。方法2023年2月,采用方便抽样方法选择泸州市某县一职业中学60名高低肩学生为研究对象,采用配对方法分成干预组与对照组(各30名)。干预组进行12周早操、大课间操时段脊柱健康体操干预,每天2次,每次2组;对照组维持以往早操、大课间操项目练习。分别对干预组和对照组学生在干预前、干预12周后及停止干预4周后进行左右两侧肩峰高度差随访,采用t检验分析干预组与对照组两侧肩峰高度差变化。结果干预前,干预组[(2.50±1.19)cm]与对照组[(2.49±1.20)cm]青少年左右肩峰高度差值比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.05,P>0.05)。干预12周后,干预组青少年左右两侧肩峰高度差值较干预前减少[(1.43±1.15,2.50±1.19)cm],对照组较干预前增加[(2.58±1.19,2.49±1.20)cm],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-78.17,20.15,P值均<0.05)。停止干预4周后,干预组[(1.44±1.15)cm]和对照组[(2.59±1.18)cm]青少年左右两侧肩峰高度差值与干预12周后比较,差异均无统计意义(t值分别为1.80,1.05,P值均>0.05)。干预组[(2.49±1.26,2.52±1.16)(1.43±1.21,1.44±1.13)(1.44±1.21,1.45±1.14)cm]与对照组[(2.45±1.24,2.52±1.20)(2.55±1.24,2.61±1.18)(2.55±1.22,2.62±1.18)cm]在干预前、干预12周后、停止干预4周后,男、女生左右两侧肩峰高度差值比较,差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为-0.08,-0.03,-0.02;-0.15,-0.12,-0.15,P值均>0.05)。结论脊柱健康体操对矫正青少年高低肩效果较好。可在校园推广脊柱健康体操,以促进青少年姿态健康。

Objective To explore the intervention effect of 12 week spinal health exercise on adolescents'high and low shoulders,in order to provide empirical evidence for exploring simple and feasible measures to intervene.Methods In February 2023,60 high and low shoulder students from a vocational high school in a certain county of Luzhou City were randomly selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method.Paired sampling was used to randomly divide participants into an intervention group and a control group with 30 students each group.The intervention group received spinal health gymnastics intervention during 12 weeks of morning exercises and large break exercises for twice a day,with two groups each time;the control group maintained their previous morning exercises and large break exercises.A follow-up study was conducted on the height difference between the left and right shoulder peaks of the intervention group and the control group students before intervention,after 12 weeks intervention,at 4 weeks post-intervention.The t-test was used to analyze the changes in shoulder peak height difference between the intervention group and the control group.Results Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the height of the left and right shoulder peaks between the intervention group[(2.50±1.19)cm]and the control group[(2.49±1.20)cm]adolescents(t=0.05,P>0.05).After 12 weeks of intervention,the difference in shoulder height between the left and right sides of adolescents in the intervention group decreased,compared to that before intervention[(1.43±1.15,2.50±1.19)cm],while the control group increased compared to that before intervention[(2.58±1.19,2.49±1.20)cm],and the differences were both statistically significant(t=-78.17,20.15,P<0.05).At 4 weeks post-intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the height of the left and right shoulder peaks between the intervention group[(1.44±1.15)cm]and the control group[(2.59±1.18)cm]compared to 12 weeks after the intervention(t=1.80,1.05,P>0.05).The intervention group[(2.49±1.26,2.52±1.16)(1.43±1.21,1.44±1.13)(1.44±1.21,1.45±1.14)cm]and the control group[(2.45±1.24,2.52±1.20)(2.55±1.24,2.61±1.18)(2.55±1.22,2.62±1.18)cm]showed no statistically significant difference in the height of the left and right shoulder peaks between males and females before intervention,after 12 weeks of intervention,and after stopping intervention for 4 weeks(t=-0.08,-0.03,-0.02;-0.15,-0.12,-0.15,P>0.05).Conclusions Spinal health gymnastics has a good effect on correcting high and low shoulders in adolescents.Spinal health gymnastics should be promoted on campus to promote adolescent posture health.