日本吞并琉球背景下李鸿章与清末海防

Li Hongzhang and Coastal Defense in the Late Qing Dynasty Under Japan's Annexation of Ryukyu

日本在经过明治维新后迅速成为资本主义国家,积极对外扩张,对处于衰落中的清朝来说威胁很大。19世纪70年代,日本侵略中国台湾,吞并琉球,在对外扩张的道路上孤意狂奔。面对琉球问题,晚清重臣李鸿章在力求维护天朝上国地位的前提下谋求实现“存琉祀”。此间,李鸿章的海防思想得到发展,其战略方向瞄准日本,重视军事和外交的结合运用,同时其对海岛的狭隘认知也得到体现。

After the Meiji Restoration,Japan quickly became a capitalist country,actively seeking external expansion,which was a greater threat to the declining Qing government.In the 1870s,Japan invaded Taiwan,china,annexed Ryukyu and continued its outward expansion.Faced with the Ryukyu issue,Li Hongzhang,the important minister of the late Qing Dynasty,sought to"preserve the Ryukyu unification"on the premise of maintaining the status of the superior state of China.During this period,Li Hongzhang's coastal defense thought developed.His strategic direction was aimed at Japan,and he attached great importance to the combined use of military and diplomacy.At the same time,his narrow island cognition was reflected.